Ibibazo T9 vyubatswe kugira ngo bitorerwe umuti
Amabanki y’ibikoresho vy’ubushuhe bwinshi, imirongo y’ibikoresho vy’ubushuhe, ibice vy’ubushuhe bwa HRSG n’ibikoresho vy’ubushuhe bihanganye n’ubushuhe bw’ivyuma n’imitwaro y’ivyuma bifise ubushuhe burengeye ivyuma bifise ubushuhe buke -Cr. ASTM A213 T9 itanga inkomezi nyinshi z’ubushuhe n’inyifato y’urugero ihamye kuruta 1.25–2.25Cr ata n’ubuhinga bwo gukora ivyuma 9Cr–V–Nb, ivyo bikaba biyigira ihitamwo ryiza aho amasaha maremare, ubushuhe n’ubutungane bw’uruzitiro biganzwa n’ingorane.
Ivyo Ibisobanuro Bivuga
ASTM A213/SA213 isobanura ivyuma bitagira umurongoimiyoboroku bikoresho vy’amabotere n’ibikoresho bihindura ubushuhe. Imigambi igaragaza umurongo w’inyuma, uruhome rutoyi n’uburebure bw’ugucagura ku rupapuro rw’amakuru aho gusobanura urutonde rw’imiyoboro. Ubugororotsi n'ubuzibuzi bikunda gukomezwa kugira ngo umurongo-ku -urupapuro rw'umurongo; impera zitangwa mu buryo busanzwe canke bufise uburebure bw'inzira-gucitse kugira ngo bushiremwo ibikoresho, n'ibipande gusa aho gusudira ibikoresho vyo mu murima biteguwe.
Ivyiyumviro bituma umuntu akora neza
Imbonerahamwe 1 - A213 T9 igizwe n'imiti (uburemere%)
|
Ikintu |
Ibipimo |
Inyandiko y'ubuhinga |
|
C |
Muto canke bingana na 0.15 |
Inkomezi–uburinganire bw'uburemere bw'ibigobe n'ibigobe |
|
Mn |
0.30–0.60 |
Gukuraho umwuka; umusanzu ukomeye-umuti |
|
Si |
Muto canke bingana na 0,50 |
Kurenze urugero birashobora gutuma umuntu agira ubukomezi |
|
P |
Muto canke bingana na 0.025 |
Ugusudira n'ugucungera ubukomezi |
|
S |
Muto canke bingana na 0.025 |
Gukora neza bishushe ku kibiriti gito |
|
Cr |
8.00–10.00 |
Gukura buhoro kw’ivyuma vy’umubiri; gutera imbere mu gukomera kw'ubushuhe |
|
Mo |
0.90–1.10 |
Ugushikama kw’ivyuma; guhangana n'ubushuhe |
Icumba{0}}Ubushuhe bw'Imirongo y'Ishingiro y'Ivyuma
Imbonerahamwe 2 - Ibiranga bikeyi vyo gusuzuma
|
Umutungo |
T9 muto |
|
Inkomezi zo gukwega |
MPa (60 ksi) |
|
Inkomezi zo gutanga |
MPa (30 ksi) |
|
Ugukura |
= 20% |
Igishushanyo gikoresha imibabaro yemerewe ku bushuhe bwo gukora kuva ku ngingo ngenderwako.
Oxidation na Creep mu bikorwa vy'ukuri
Ibikorwa bigenzurwa n'ubushuhe bw'icuma, incuro zo gutangura no guhagarika n'ibisigazwa vyo ku ruhandegukora hamwe. Ku ~9% Cr, oxidation ikunda gukurikira aitegeko ry'ikigereranyo(oxide-uburebure2 ≈ k·igihe); igipimo c'ikigereranyo kiri hasi cane kuruta mu vyuma bifise uburemere buke-Cr, ivyo bikaba bigabanya uburebure bw'urugero n'ibintu bishika. Mo ihagarika carbides, itevya intete-ugunyerera kw'urubibi n'ugukura kw'imyobo ku buryo ugutakaza uruhome kuva ku gihe-uguhinduka kw'ibihe bigenda buhoro.
Muibice bishushe, vyumyenk’imirongo y’ugusubira gushushanya n’amabanki y’ugushushanya, T9 izigama ubuzinguzingu n’uburemere bw’uruhome neza kuruta amahitamwo ya 1.25–2.25Cr, igabanura incuro z’ugusubira gushushanya n’uguhumana kw’amazi bitewe n’urugero rw’ibarabara. Mu gikorwa ca HRSG n'ugugenda kenshi, ibihe vy'ubushuhe biraduza imibabaro y'imitsi y'umubiri kandi bikongera ugusenyuka/"re-oxidation"; gupima ibiciro vy'urugendo, gutuma umukungugu -gufuha neza, no gukurikiranaubushuhe bw'icuma (TMT)hotspots zigabanya ingorane mu vy’umubiri. Ivy’ubuhinga bw’ibisigazwa: ivu rifise alkali-rich canke sulfur-rifise ivu rishobora guhindura oxide no kwihutisha igitero co mu karere, ni co gituma isesengura ry’amavuta/ivu rifatanijwe n’ugusuzuma kwa borescope rikoreshwa mu gutegura ibihe vyo gusukura no gusuzuma.
Ku bijanye n’ugukwegakwega, akamaro ka T9 kari muakarere k'ubuzima buramba-: uruzitiro rwiza, rukomeza rw'intete-urubibi rwa carbide ruva ku gusha neza ruratuma igihe co guca ibice kigenda neza kandi kigatuma uguhinduka guhinduka guhuye. Gushusha cane canke gusubira gushusha nabi-kugenzuwe bituma intete zikomera kandi zigatuma carbures zigira umubumbe, bikazana ukuvyimba vuba, uguhinduka kw’igiti canke ukuvuza. Mu bikorwa, ivy'ugutera imbereuburebure bwa oxide/ukwiyongera kw'uburemerehamwe n’amateka ya TMT bitanga ikimenyamenya co gutegura urutonde rw’isuzuma.
Imbonerahamwe 3 - Ikimenyetso c'umurima n'inyishu y'ubuhinga
|
Ikimenyetso c'umurima |
Inyishu y'ubuhinga |
|
Ivyihuta ΔP biduga n'ubushobozi bugabanuka |
Suzuma urugero rw’ugutera; tune umukungugu-gufuha no kurasa |
|
Ikarata ya IR yerekana ibibanza bishushe vyo mu karere |
Gusuzuma ingabo/ibikingira n’ugusangira kw’amazi; idirisha ry'isubiramwo ry'amanota |
|
Gutangura–guhagarika guharura hejuru y'umugambi |
Guyorosha ibiciro vy’ibarabara; kugabanya ibihe vy'uburebure bwa borescope/UT |
Ingano zikora mw'iduka
Imbonerahamwe 4 - Ibahasha ry'ingero risanzwe
|
Parametere |
Idirisha rusangi |
Ivyiyumviro |
|
Inyuma y'umurongo |
12,7-101,6 mm (1⁄2-4 in) |
ODs nini zishingiye ku nzira y'insyo |
|
Uburebure bw'uruhome |
1,2-12,7 mm |
Inkuta ziremereye ziboneka ku kubaza |
|
Uburebure bwo gukata |
Kugeza kuri ~12 m |
Ivyuma bikeyi vyo gusudira mu migwi |
|
Igishushanyo |
Ubugororotsi bukomeye/ubuzibuzi |
Ivyiza vy'uruzitiro-urupapuro rwo gukingira no gukwira |
Ubutungane bwo ku ruhande, isuku n’ukuzigama
Igihugu co ku ruhande akenshi gifata ingingo y’ubuzima bwose mu gikorwa gishushe. Igikoresho co kugenzura ni:de-urugero → gusukura → kwuma → gupfuka → kuzingira → kugenzura. Inyuma yo guhingura, ukureho ibara ry’ubushuhe n’igipimo c’amasigarira kuri ID/OD; n’ibinyamakuru bisukuye, hanyuma wume ID ku ciyumviro canditswe (nk’akarorero, ikime kiri munsi y’ibidukikije n’urubibi rwasobanuwe). Bikwiyeibipfukisho vy'iherezo bikomeyekandi ukoreshe ibipfukisho vy’uburinzi bishobora kunanira inkungugu n’ubukonje; ubike imizigo iri hasi n’amazi asohoka n’uburinzi bw’imishwarara ya UV.
Kwemera biri muri ITP rero QA ishobora gusinya ata mpari. Sigura ico "isuku" bisobanura (ikigo c'amaso, imipaka ya chloride/amavuta nimba bishoboka), ingene ukwuma gusuzumwa, n'ivyo gupfunyika bisabwa ku bijanye n'ikirere co kubika. Gumana ibikoresho vy’icuma vya carbone-kure y’imiyoboro ya T9 kugira ngo ntihagire ivyuma vy’ubuntu-bishirwamwo; aho amaduka avangiye adashobora kwirindwa, ushireho ikiganiro-sukuyeisuzuma rya feroroksiliku bigereranyo. Imbere yo gusohoka, kwandika amafoto maze ushire hamwe igitabu co kuzigama n’indangamuntu y’umugwi kugira ngo abakozi bo gushiramwo bamenye ko umurongo utanduye mu bubiko.
Ikete ry'ugutanga
Ku migambi ishingiye kuri ASTM A213 T9,Umuyoboro w'umunaniitanga amatiyo atagira umurongo, ihuza uburyo n’inyandiko n’umugambi ITP, kandi ishobora gutunganya ubuhamya bwigenga (nk’akarorero, BV, SGS) iyo bikenewe.
IBIBAZO bibazwa
IKIBAZO CA 1: Ni igiki gikoreshwa mu gukora amatiyo?
A1:9Cr-1Mo ferritic alloy tubing y’ibikoresho vy’amazi, ibikoresho vy’ugushusha cane, n’ibikoresho vy’uguhindura ubushuhe mu bikorwa vy’ubushuhe bwinshi, n’umuvuduko munini.
Ikibazo ca 2: Mbega A213 T9 ingana na A335 P9?
A2:Bifatwa nk'ibingana n'ubuhinga bwa shimi/UNS (T9=tubing spec, P9=pipe spec), ariko ukwiye guhura n'ingingo ngenderwako n'urugero rw'ikigeragezo bisabwa n'umugambi.
IKIBAZO CA 3: Ni igiki nosaba kugira ngo menye neza uburyo bw’imiyoboro ya ASTM A213 T9 imbere y’uko ngura?
A3:3.1 MTC n’umubare w’ubushuhe + uburyo bwo gukoresha ubushuhe, ibisubizo vy’ubuhinga bwa shimi/ubuhinga, igerageza ry’amazi canke NDE (nk’uko vyavuzwe), isuzuma ry’ingero, n’ugushira ikimenyetso/ugukurikirana kwose.
Ivyemezo

Icemezo ca CE

Icemezo ca ISO 9001

Icemezo ca API Q1

Icemezo ca ABS

Icemezo ca AP-5L

Icemezo ca API-5CT






