ASTM A335 P11 Umuyoboro w'icuma udafise umurongo w'ubushuhe bwinshi - BLOG

Incamake y'ibikoresho

ASTM A335 Igitigiri P11 ni icaumuryango w'icuma c'umuriro muto (1-1,5% Cr, 0,5% Mo)ryakozwe canecane kugira ngo rikoreshwe muubushuhe bwinshi-n'umuvuduko mwinshi-uburyo bw'umwotsi.Igereranya uburinganire hagati y'inkomezi z'ubuhinga, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ivyuma, n'uguhinduranya ivy'uguhingura-vyiza ku bihimba nk'ibikoresho vy'ugushushanya cane, imitwe y'umuvuduko, n'imirongo y'ugutwara umwotsi . Umuntu aravye mu vy’ubuhinga bw’ivyuma, .ferritic-imiterere mito mitoya P11 irafise ugushwiragira neza kw’ibinyabuzima bita carbides (ahanini M23C6 na M6C), ivyo bikaba bituma .creep-ugutabuka ubuzima n'ugushikama kw'ingero.
Chromium itera imbereumunzane w'umuyagankuba (Cr2O3)n’uguhingura, bikaba birinda gusenyuka no gusenyuka gushika ku bushuhe bwa degre 600 (degre 1110 F), mu gihe molybdene ikomeza uruzitiro rwa ferrite kandi igatuma ukuntu ibintu bigenda bigenda buhoro.
Ivyo bintu vyose hamwe, bitanga:

Igihe kirekire-guhangana n'ugukwegakwegamunsi y’umuzigo n’ubushuhe bikomeye.
Uguhingura oxide gukomeye gutuma ahantu hari uburinzi n'inyifato y'ugusenyuka ishobora gutegekanirwa.
Birashimishijegusudiran’ugushobora gusenyuka guke inyuma y’ugucapura kw’ubushuhe.
Igitigiri ca carbone kigenzurwa kigumya ubukomezi kandi kikabuza intete gukomera.

Kubera iyo nzira y’ugushikama kw’ivyuma, ASTM A335 P11 iguma ari kimwe mu bikoresho bikunze kuvugwa cane ku bijanye n’imiyoboro y'amazi, ibishushe cane, n'imiyoboro y'amazimu gutanga amashanyarazi no mu bikorwa vyo gutunganya amavuta.

Imiterere y'imiti n'ubuhinga

Ikintu	% Ibipimo	Inshingano y'ibanze
Karboni (C)	0.05 – 0.15	Yongera inkomezi n'ubushobozi bwo gukwegakwega
Mangani (Mn)	0.30 – 0.60	Itera imbere mu gukora neza no gukomera
Silikoni (Si)	0.50 – 1.00	Yongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'imitsi
Fosifore (P)	Muto canke bingana na 0.025	Igenzura ububabare
Ikibiriti (S)	Muto canke bingana na 0.025	Imfashanyo y'imashini
Koromu (Cr)	1.00 – 1.50	Ikora filime y'uburinzi
Molibideni (Mo)	0.44 – 0.65	Kunoza ubushuhe bwinshi-inkomezi

Ibisabwa mu vy'ubuhinga
Ugukomera Birengeye canke bingana na 415 MPa • Umwimbu Urengeye canke ungana na 205 MPa • Ugukura Birengeye canke bingana na 30 % • Ubukomezi Burengeye canke bungana na 163 HBW

Gukora n'uguvura n'ubushuhe

ASTM A335 P11 imiyoboro ikoreshwa n'gusohora gushushe canke gushushanya gukonja, gutuma habaho imiterere y’ibintu bimwe bimwe be n’ukugenzura neza ingero.
Intambwe yose y’uguhingura irakurikiranirwa hafi kugira ngo ivyuma bigume bihuye neza kandi bigabanye utunenge two mu mutima.

Urutonde rw'uguhingura n'ugutunganya

Gushusha no gutobora– Ivyuma vy’ivyuma bishushwa ku bushuhe bwa degre 1100–1150 hanyuma bikatoborwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo guhinduranya kugira ngo bibe igikoko c’umwobo gifise uruja n’uruza rw’intete rumwe.

Guheza bishushe canke bikanye– Amatiyo arazingurwa canke akakwegwa gushika ku ruhome rwa nyuma, hanyuma hakaza gukonjeshwa n’umuyaga canke gusubira mu buryo busanzwe hagati.

Gusubira mu buryo busanzwe (940–980 degre )– Itunganya intete z’ivyuma, ipfukura ama carbides atandukanye, kandi ituma inkomezi zihuye.

Gushavura (675–755 degre )– Igabanya imihangayiko yo mu mutima, igasubizaho ubushobozi bwo gukomera, kandi igatuma imiterere y’ivyuma vy’amabuye y’agaciro igumaho kugira ngo ishobore guhangana n’ugukwegakwega.

Gusuzuma no kugerageza– Harimwo NDT y’amashanyarazi canke eddy{0}}, ibipimo vy’umuvuduko w’amazi, ukugenzura ubukomezi, n’ugupima ingero.

Ubu bushuhe bubiri-buteranziza-intete za ferrite-ikaribureiyo irwanya gusenyuka kandi igakomeza inkomezi z'ubuhinga mu gihe c'igikorwa kirekire-.
Ku mirongo y'ivyuma, inyuma y'-ubushuhe bwo gusudira (PWHT) buratumaGusubizaho imiterere mito mito n'ugukuraho umubabaro w'amazi, bihambaye ku gukoresha ubushuhe bwinshi -.

Urutonde rw'ingero

Parametere	Urutonde rusanzwe
Inyuma y'umurongo	12.7 - 610 mm (1⁄2 - 24 in)
Uburebure bw'uruhome	1.2 – milimetero 100
Uburebure	Kugeza ku metero 12 (SRL / DRL / uburebure bwo gukata)
Ukwihanganira OD	± 1 %
Ukwihanganira WT	± 10 %
Ugugororoka	Muto canke bingana na 0.8 mm / m

Biboneka muriiherezo ry'urudodo, ry'urudodo canke ry'urudodohakurikijwe ibisabwa vyo gushiramwo.

Ubushuhe bwinshi -Ibikorwa n'Ibikorwa

Ku bushuhe bwo gukora buriko bwegeraDegre 600, ASTM A335 P11 yerekana uburinganire budasanzwe hagati y’guhangana n'umuyagankuba, ugushikama kw'ubushuhe, no kugumya.
Guhingura igice c’ivyuma gikomeye c’ivyuma bita chromium-bigabanya ugukura kw’ivyuma n’ugutakaza ivyuma mu gihe umuntu amara igihe kirekire ariko arabibona, mu gihe molibdène igira ico ikoze kugukomeza inkomezi zo gukwegakwega no kurwanya ugufatanya kw'ibintu bitobito.

Iyi alloy ikora neza cane mu bidukikije bishikirwa n’guhinduka kw'ubushuhe, uguhinduka kw'umwotsi, n'uguhinduka kw'umuvuduko, kubungabunga ubukomezi n’ubunyankamugayo bw’ugusudira.

Inyungu z'ibikorwa

Gukomeza inkomezi z'ugukwegakwega:Ivyizigirwa vy’ugukomera n’ugutabuka mu masaha ibihumbi n’ibihumbi y’ibikorwa.
Uguhangana n'urushe rw'ubushuhe:Igishushanyo c'intete ciza-kigabanya ugusaduka kuva ku nzira z'ukwaguka-gupfunyarika.
Ukwaguka kw'ubushuhe buke:Ugushikama kw’ingero kuzigama ugutunganya kw’amatiyo mu mirongo y’amazi igoye.
Uburinzi bwo ku ruhande:Igipande c'ivyuma bikomeye bituma habaho uburozi bukeyi kandi n'igihe kirekire co gusuzuma.

Ibisabwa

Gutanga amashanyarazi:Amatiyo y’amaboteri, amabombo y’ibishushe cane, imitwe y’ibishushe.
Amahinguriro y'amavuta n'amahinguriro y'amavuta:Gukora no kwimurira amatiyo, amatiyo y’abavugurura.
Imirongo y'Ibikorwa vy'Inganda:Ivyuma vy'umuriro n'amazi y'ifunguro afise umuvuduko munini-.
Ivyombo vy'umukazo:Kubera igikorwa c'igihe kirekire-mu gihe c'ubushuhe n'imibabaro.

Igenzura, icemezo n'ugutanga

Amatiyo yose ya P11 arageragezwa kandi yemezwa hakurikijwe .ASTM A335 / A999kandiIvyagezwe vya ASME SA335.
Igihe cose umuntu ashikana, ajana n’Ivyemezo vy'ikigeragezo c'insyo (RU 10204 3.1 / 3.2), kugira ngo umuntu ashobore gukurikirana neza no kwubahiriza amategeko.

Amabwirizwa yo gupima arimwo:

Igenzura ry’amajwi canke ry’amazi kugira ngo uruhome rube rwiza.
Igenzura ry’ugukomera, ugukomera, ugusaza, n’ugupfukama.
Ivyuma vy’amaradiyo canke ivy’ugupima ingaruka nk’uko umugambi ubisaba.

Umuyoboro w'umunani utangaubufasha bwose bwa QA/QC, inyandiko zaUbushobozi bwo gusudira (WPS/PQR), n’ivy’ubuhinga mpuzamakungu kugira ngo imigambi ya EPC n’inguvu kw’isi yose ishobore gushika mu buryo bwizigirwa.

Baza ubu

IBIBAZO bibazwa

IKIBAZO CA 1: Ni igiki gikoreshwa n’umuyoboro wa ASTM A335 P22?

A1:Ubushuhe bwinshi-, umuvuduko mwinshi-amatiyo y’ibikorwa vy’amashanyarazi, amazu y’isuku, n’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa peteroli.

Ikibazo ca 2: "2.25Cr-1Mo" bisobanura iki ku muyoboro wa P22?

A2:Bivuga ku mubumbe w’ivyuma (nk’ibice 2,25% Cr + 1% Mo) bitera imbere mu guhangana n’ugukwegakwega n’uguhinduka kw’ivyuma iyo ubushuhe buri hejuru.

IKIBAZO CA 3: Ni ubuhe bushuhe busabwa canecane ku muyoboro udafise umurongo wa ASTM A335 P22?

A3:Gusanura no gutera (N+T) n’inyandiko z’ubushuhe-buvuzi.

Ikibazo ca 4: Ni ryari nohitamwo P22 aho guhitamwo P11 canke P91?

A4:Hitamwo P22 nk'igice co hagati-kubera ubushuhe bwinshi kurusha P11, mu gihe wirinda ubugenzuzi bukomeye n'igiciro kinini gisanzwe gifitaniye isano na P91.

IKIBAZO CA 5: Ni igiki nosaba kugira ngo menye neza uburyo bw’imiyoboro ya P22 imbere yo kugura?

A5:RU 10204 3.1/3.2 MTC n’ubushuhe bwo gukurikirana, ibisubizo vy’ubuhinga/ubuhinga, ubukomezi, n’igerageza ry’amazi canke UT nk’uko vyavuzwe.