Ubusa bukingiwe n'imiyoboro

Buri mugambi wo gutera umuyagankuba- canke wo gutera ubushuhe bwo hasi ukoresha amahera menshi mu guhindura amavuta y’ibitoro mu muyagankuba w’agaciro kanini-ku butaka. Mu murongo w’amazi usanzwe, igice kinini c’izo nguvu kirazimangana mu nzira imanuka: uburyo bw’umwotsi buragabanuka, amavuta aguma ari nk’amazi, ibishashara n’ibishashara biragwira, igipfukisho kirashuha kandi, mu gihe c’ubukonje buhoraho, ubutaka bukikuje iriba burashobora gutangura gushonga. Iyo abakoresha bashitse kuri iyo ntambwe, ikibazo ntikiba kigifise "umwotsi mwinshi?" ariko "tuzoguma gute ubushuhe aho buhambaye?"

Umuyoboro w'umunaniimiyoboro yingiye, kandi izwi kw’izina rya .ubusa bukingiwe n'imiyoboro (VIT), ryagenewe nyene ayo mariba. Ihuriro ryose ni iteraniro ry’inkuta zibiri-rifise umurongo w’imbere wo gukora n’umurongo wo hanze wo gutwara. Ico gice c’umubiri cuzuye ivyuma bikora cane-ivyo kwikingira kandi kigakurwa mu kibanza c’ubusa gikomeye, gifise ibice vy’umuco n’ibikoresho vy’ugukingira umuriro kugira ngo bibuze umuyagankuba, umuyagankuba n’imishwarara igihe kimwe. Ugereranije n’imiyoboro idafise ikintu, umugozi wacu wa VIT utanga uburemere bw’umwotsi wo hasi-wo mu mwobo mwinshi cane, ubushuhe buke bw’uruzitiro n’ugutakaza ubushuhe buke cane ku metero.

Yubatswe ku rwego rw’imiyoboro ya API 5CT nka N80, L80 na P110 n’imirongo ya BTC canke gazi y’agaciro-ikomeye, Octalimbere-imiyoboro yikingiyebirashobora gukoreshwa n’ibikoresho bimenyerewe vyo gukoresha OCTG, ariko biguha ubushobozi bw’ubushuhe busabwa mu gutera umuyagankuba w’amavuta aremereye-, gutegura amavuta aremereye-ku kiyaga, amariba y’ubukonje buhoraho n’imigambi y’ubushuhe bwo hasi bufise ubushuhe bwinshi-.

Ivyuma vy’amazi vyubatswe nk’kabiri-uruhome ruri hagati y'umuyoboro. Ingingo yose igizwe n’agace gatoyi kuruta .umurongo w'imbereiyo itwara amazi y’iriba be n’iyindi nini kuruta .umurongo wo hanzeivyo bikaba birinda ikoraniro. Ivyo bipimo bibiri birafatanywa ku mpera zompi, bikaba bituma haba ikintu gipfutse .ikibanza co kwikingirahagati yabo. Ivyuma bifatanywa mw’iriba bikoresheje API BTC canke ivyuma vy’indodo vy’agaciro, rero umugozi wose ugenda nk’imiyoboro isanzwe.

Igishushanyo c'ubushuhe gishingiye ku guca vyose .uburyo butatu bw’ishimikiro bwo gutanga ubushuhe- – gutwara, gutwara n’ugutanga imishwarara – mu gipfukisho:

• Igipande c'aluminium co gukingira imishwarara

Igipande c’aluminium kigaragaza umuco kirazingizwa mu gipfukisho kugira ngo kigaragaze imishwarara y’infrared isubire yerekeza ku nzira y’imbere ishushe. Ivyo bigabanya cane ubushuhe buva ku bushuhe bwinshi bw’umwotsi.

• Ibikoresho vyo kwikingira umuyagankuba

Ikibanza kiri hagati y’umuyoboro w’imbere n’uw’inyuma cuzuye ivyuma bishobora gutwara umuriro (nk’ifu ya perlite canke ubwoya bw’ibirahuri bwiza cane). Ivyo bituma ubushuhe bw’uruzitiro bushobora guhangana n’ubushuhe kandi bikagabanya ubushuhe bushobora gutwara umuriro.

• Ubusa n'ibikoresho vyo guhagarika umuyaga

Inyuma y’aho iyo annulus ikoranirijwe hamwe, irakurwa mu kibanza c’ubusa cane maze igashirwako ibikoresho biguma bifata imyuka isigaye. Kubera ko hafi ata gazi isigaye ngo igende, ubushuhe buja mu nzira y’umuyaga burakurwaho neza.

• Imbere-uguvura umubabaro w'umurongo w'imbere kugira ngo ugire umutekano

Igikoresho co mu mutima gihabwa umubabaro ugenzurwa imbere y’ugusudira kwa nyuma, kugira ngo ukwaguka kw’ubushuhe n’ugucika intege mu gihe co gusudira no mu bikorwa vyo mu murima ntibitere umubabaro w’amasigarira ashobora gutera ingorane. Ivyo bifasha kuguma ahantu h’ugusudira n’aho h’ugusudira hose biguma bitekanye mu buryo bw’ubuhinga mu bihe vyinshi vy’ugushusha no gukonjesha.

Mu gufatanya iyi mibumbe y'imiyoboro ibiri-nauburinzi bw'imishwarara, uburinzi bukomeye, ubusa bwinshi n'imbere-umuyoboro imbere-umubabaro, Octal insulated tubing igabanya ubushuhe butakazwa ku nzira y’iriba mu gihe iguma yigenza mu buryo bw’ubuhinga nk’umugozi w’imiyoboro ya OCTG umenyerewe.

Iciyumviro nyamukuru c’ubuhinga ni uko ubushobozi bw’ubushuhe butagenwa n’ibikoresho vyo kwikingira gusa. Mu gikorwa co mu ndimiro, ugutakaza ubushuhe birashikirwa cane n’ugushikama kw’uruzitiro, ubutungane bw’iherezo-ubutungane bw’uruzitiro n’ugucungera ubushuhe bw’ahantu h’uruzitiro inyuma y’ugusubiramwo ubushuhe. Ni co gituma amazi y’imbere y’igihe afise umubabaro ari ngirakamaro cane cane mu bikorwa vy’umuyagankuba aho gukoresha ubushuhe buhoraho gusa.

Umuryango w’ibicuruzwa ushobora gutahurwa neza biciye mu nzira zitanu zitaziguye-ikoreshwa: gusubirana kw’ubushuhe bw’amavuta bukomeye, gukingira ubukonje buhoraho mu bibanza vy’amavuta na gazi, amariba arwanya -ibishashara, ubushuhe bwo hasi n’ugutanga amashanyarazi, n’amariba y’amazi ashushe{3}}. Ivyo bifasha kwerekana ko urutonde rutagarukira ku gutera umuyagankuba gusa; ishobora kandi gutorwa hakurikijwe ubushuhe-igikorwa co kuzigama mu bikorwa vy'amazi ashushe-n'ubushuhe bwo hasi.

Amariba y'amazi ashushe-

Ku bijanye n’iterambere ry’amasoko ashushe-, agaciro k’imiyoboro canke imiyoboro y’amazi si ugugabanya ubushuhe butakaza gusa, ariko kandi ni ugutuma ubushuhe bufise akamaro kanini buboneka kuva mu bwimbike gushika mu gusohoka. Mu migambi nk’iyo, ubushuhe bwinshi bwo gusohoka no kuzigama ubushuhe buhamye cane birashobora gutuma iriba rigira agaciro mu vy’ubudandaji kandi bikagabanya ubushuhe butakazwa mu gihe co gutanga.

Kugira ngo gusuzuma ivyerekanwa vyorohe, amakuru yerekeye ubunini ari muri iki gice aratunganijwe mu mirwi itandukanye y’imbonerahamwe. Imbonerahamwe ya mbere ivuga ku muryango w’ubunini bw’imiyoboro y’amazi ikoreshwa cane cane mu gutera umuyagankuba, mu gukora amavuta aremereye-n’ibindi bikorwa vy’ubushuhe bwo mu murima w’amavuta. Itsinda rya kabiri ry’imeza ryongera ubunini bw’imiyoboro y’amazi n’ingero z’amazi y’amazi kubera igikorwa c’ubushuhe bw’ingendo. Imbonerahamwe ya gatatu yerekana ibigereranyo vy’imiyoboro y’ivyuma vy’i Octal ikoreshwa cane mu guhindura ubushuhe bwo hasi- no mu bikorwa vyo kuzigama ubushuhe bwo mu mazi -. Kuguma iyo miryango y’ubunini itandukanye bituma gusubiramwo RFQ vyoroha kandi bifasha gutandukanya imirongo y’ubushuhe bwo mu bibanza vy’amavuta n’imiterere y’imiyoboro y’ubushuhe bwo hasi-.

Octal vacuum insulated tubing iraboneka mu muryango w'ubunini bukurikira ku bikorwa vy'amavuta n'ivy'umwotsi-.

Ku migambi ifise ugusubiramwo kw’ubushuhe, umuryango w’ubunini bw’imiyoboro y’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma -ivy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma na vyo nyene biraboneka. Ivyo bipimo vyerekanywe neza munsi y’imbonerahamwe ya VIT nk’ikimenyetso c’inyongera ku guhitamwo ubushuhe-service, cane cane aho abaguzi bakeneye kugereranya ubunini, ibahasha ry’uguhuza, uburemere bw’ikintu n’ubushobozi bwo kwikingira mu ntambwe imwe yo gusubiramwo.

Ku bijanye n’ugushushanya kw’ubushuhe bwo hasi, uguhingura amashanyarazi y’ubushuhe bwo hasi n’amariba y’amazi ashushe-, umuryango w’ibicuruzwa urashiramwo kandi umuryango w’imiyoboro y’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma. Kwerekana ivyo bigereranyo mu meza yigenga bituma ibikorwa vy’ubushuhe bwo hasi n’amazi ashushe-vyoroha kugereranya ata kubivanga n’ubunini bw’imiyoboro y’amazi y’umuriro, kandi biha abaguzi intango igaragara y’uguhingura umurongo wo kuzigama ubushuhe-n’uguhitamwo ibigereranyo.

Kugira ngo uguhitamwo abahinga vyorohe, amatiyo y’ivyuma vy’amazi (Octal insulated tubing) aratangwa mu buryo bwinshi .ubushuhe:

• Ikigo ca B– λ ≈ 0,06–0,04 W/(m· degre)
• Ikigo ca C– λ ≈ 0,04–0,02 W/(m· degre)
• Ikigo ca D– λ ≈ 0,02–0,006 W/(m· degre ya degre )
• Igice ca E– λ ≈ 0,006–0,002 W/(m· degre)

Uko urugero rugenda rurakura, ni ko ubushuhe bugenda bugabanuka kuri metero kandi ni kohasi-uburyo bw'umwotsi w'imyoboku bijanye n’imimerere y’ubutaka yatanzwe. Ishirahamwe ryacu ry’abahinga rishobora gushushanya ubushuhe butakazwa n’uburebure kugira ngo ubone itandukaniro hagati y’imiyoboro isanzwe, ivy’ishimikiroimbere-imiyoboro yikingiyena Octal VIT y'agaciro kanini -ku bijanye n'ibara ryawe ry'iriba.

Kugira ngo umuntu ashobore guhitamwo neza, igitigiri c’ubushuhe gikwiye gusomwa hamwe n’igikorwa c’ibikorwa. Mu migambi y’ugutera umuyagankuba-n’amavuta aremereye-, ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushuhe buke bisigura uburyo bwiza bw’umuyagankuba ku burebure bw’ibiziga n’ubushuhe butari bwiza buja mu gipfukisho. Mu migambi y’ubushuhe bwo hasi n’ubw’amazi ashushe-, ubushuhe buke busobanura ubushuhe bwinshi bwo gusohoka n’ubushuhe bukoreshwa cane ku butaka. Ni co gituma urugero rw’ivyuma bikingiriza umubiri rukwiye gufatwa n’uburinganire bw’inguvu z’umugambi, ntirufatwe nk’umubare w’urutonde rw’ibintu bitandukanye.

Ku baguzi b'amatiyo y'amazi, ibibazo nyamukuru si "ni ubunini ubuhe mufise?", ariko:

• Ni ubushuhe bungana iki mu vy’ukuri noshobora kuzigama mw’iriba ryanje?
• Mbega igishushanyo cabereye ku mazi maremare-, ku gutera umwotsi canke ku butaka?
• Nshobora kubona k-agaciro n'ubushuhe imbere yo gusaba?

Kugira ngo twishure ivyo, Octal aravura .imiyoboro yingiyenk'uburyo bwakozwe, si ubwoko bumwe--bujanye n'igicuruzwa cose.

Mu bikorwa vy’uguhingura, amatiyo akingiye atorwa hakurikijwe intumbero y’igikorwa, igikorwa c’ubushuhe n’imibereho y’iriba, atari hakurikijwe OD gusa. Iryo suzuma ritangurana n’intumbero y’ibikorwa: kubungabunga uburyo bw’umwotsi gushika mu burebure bw’ibiziga mu mariba ya CSS canke SAGD, kugabanya ubushuhe buva mu nzira y’amazi maremare, kugabanya ubushuhe mu mariba yo ku butaka ashobora gukoreshwa n’ibishashara, kurinda ibice vy’amazi bishobora gukoreshwa mu bibanza vy’ubukonje buhoraho, amazi ashushe-. Kuva ng’aho, umugozi w’amazi usobanurwa n’urugero rw’ukwikingira, intumbero y’ubusa bw’uruzitiro, imiterere y’infashanyo, ubugenzuzi bw’ubushuhe bwo gufatanya n’ibisabwa mu buzima bw’igikorwa-mu gihe c’ugusubiramwo ubushuhe.

Ubwo buryo buraha abaguzi urufatiro rwo gukoresha rwo kugereranya ku rwego rw’umugambi. Aho kugereranya amatiyo gusa ku bunini n’ubwoko bw’urudodo, uguhitamwo gushobora gusuzumwa hakurikijwe ubushuhe bwitezwe, ubushuhe bwo hasi-mu mwobo canke bwo gusohoka, ubushuhe bw’uruzitiro, uburebure bw’iriba -uburebure bw’iriba n’uko iyo nyubakwa igenewe gutera umuyagankuba, amazi maremare canke uburebure bw’amazi. ubushuhe-imirongo yo kuzigama. Ivyo ni vyo kandi bihuye n’ibice biri aha hepfo: gutunganya imbere, hanyuma ubushuhe-bugenzuzi mu nzira, hanyuma k-agaciro n’ubushuhe, hanyuma ubuzima bw’ibikorwa n’uburebure.

1. Itunganywa ryatunganijwe ku buryo bwo mu murima
Aho kwubaka inyubakwa imwe, Octal itanga imiterere myinshi y’ivyuma vyubatswe ku ciyumviro kimwe c’imiyoboro y’imbere / y’inyuma idafise umurongo. Ku bijanye n’uguhingura amazi maremare-twibanda ku gushikama kw’igihe kirekire-n’agaciro ka k{3}}kari hasi cane kugira ngo tugenzure ubushuhe bw’uruzitiro n’ingaruka z’amazi; ku migambi y’umuyagankuba (CSS / SAGD) dushimika ku bushobozi bw’ubushuhe bwinshi-n’ubushobozi bwo kunanira uguhinduka kw’ubushuhe; ku mariba yo ku butaka no ku gukingira ubukonje buhoraho turaringaniza inkomezi z’ivyuma n’igiciro be n’imitwaro y’ubuhinga. Igishushanyo cose gisobanurwa n’urugero rwaco rwo kwikingira, urugero rw’ubusa hamwe n’imiterere y’infashanyo yo mu mutima, kugira ngo ushobore guhuza umugozi wa VIT n’umurima wawe aho guhuza umurima n’imiyoboro.

2. Kugenzura ukugenda kw'umuyaga, ukujana n'imishwarara mu nzira y'umuyaga
Imigero yacu ihuza uburyo butatu bwo kugabanya ubushuhe hagati y'umuyoboro wo mu mutima n'uwo hanze:

• Igenzura ry'umuyaga– iyo annulus irakurwa ku rugero rw’ubusa rwasobanuwe, canke yuzuye gaze idakora aho bibereye, rero hasigaye amazi makeyi yo gutwara ubushuhe biciye mu gutwara ubushuhe. Ivyuma bifata mu nzira bifasha kuguma muri iyo nzira mu buzima bw’iriba.
• Igenzura ry'uburongozi– ibifadika bishizwe ahantu hamwe neza bituma imiyoboro y’imbere n’iyo hanze iguma iri ku rugero rumwe mu gihe bigabanya ahantu ivyuma bihurira, bikaguma bifise ikinogo c’ivyuma mbere n’igihe umuzigo n’ubushuhe bihinduka.
• Gucungera imishwarara– ivyuma vy’ivyuma vyinshi -bifise ivyuma bigaragaza n’ibidashobora gutwara umuriro (bisa n’ivy’ubushuhe bwa MLI) bigabanya ubushuhe buva ku bushuhe bwinshi bw’umwotsi.

Aho bisabwa, hashirwako ibindi bikoresho vyo kwikingira hirya no hino y’aho .ahantu hahuriyekugira ngo amahuzu ntabe "ibibanza bishushe" mu murongo.

3. k-agaciro gashingiye ku bikorwa n'ubushuhe
Ubushuhe bukora bugaragazwa nk'k-agaciro(ugutakaza ubushuhe mu BTU/hr·ft· degre F canke W/m· degre ). Octal insulated tubing iboneka mu mirongo myinshi y’agaciro ka k-, kuva ku rwego rw’amazi maremare-genewe gusohoka kw’ubushuhe buke cane, gushika ku rwego rwo hejuru-k ariko rufise ubutunzi bwinshi ku bikorwa vyo ku butaka bifise ubushuhe buringaniye.

Ku bikorwa vy'umugambi, ikigo cacu c'abahinga gishobora:

• kubara k-agaciro k'imiterere y'imiyoboro yatowe,
• kwirukaubushuhe-ugereranije n'uburebureku bijanye n'ubuhinga bwawe bwihariye bw'iriba, na
• gereranya ibintu nk'ibi: "imiyoboro isanzwe n'imiyoboro ikingiye" canke "icigwa co hagati - n'ikiciro co hejuru-VIT".

Ivyo biguha kubona neza uburyo bw'umwotsi wo hasi-, ubushuhe bw'igipfukisho/igipfukisho n'ubushuhe bwo hejuruimberewiyemeza guhingura umugozi.

Imbonerahamwe yoroshe y’ukugereranya iri musi yerekana ingene ubushuhe buke bujanye n’ubushuhe bwinshi-ubushobozi bwo gukura mu bihe bitandukanye vy’ubushuhe bwo hasi-mu mwobo.

Ivyo vyiyumviro nyene vy’ubuhinga birashika no mu bikorwa vy’ubushuhe bwo hasi n’amazi ashushe-. Ivyiyumviro bitatu vy’imirongo y’ubushuhe yo munsi y’iriba bisobanurwa nk’Igishushanyo A, B na C. Igishushanyo A kigereranya iriba ritagira ubuhinga bwiza bwo kwikingira, aho ubushuhe bwinshi bunywanywa kandi bukabura mu gice c’ububiko bw’ubushuhe-. Igishushanyo B gikoresha ivyuma bikingira igice c’ico gice kugira ngo ubushuhe bwo hasi bukoreshwe neza. Igishushanyo C cubaka umurongo wuzuye wo kuzigama ubushuhe bwo hasi-kugira ngo ikoreshwa ry’ubushuhe bwo hasi rishobore gutera imbere, cane cane mu mariba y’ubushuhe bwinshi-. Ivyo birahambaye kuko bihuza uguhitamwo imiyoboro n'ubushuhe bwo kubungabunga aho guhuza ubunini bw'imiyoboro gusa.

Iyindi nzira yo gukoresha ni inzira y’uguhindura ubushuhe-hakoreshejwe imirongo y’imiyoboro n’iyo hagati-, aho imiyoboro y’ugukingira ikoreshwa kugira ngo inguvu z’ubushuhe bwo hasi zibe ngirakamaro cane ku ruhande rw’iriba. Ku migambi y’ubushuhe bwo hasi n’ubuhinga bwo gutanga amashanyarazi, uguhitamwo akenshi bishingiye ku bushuhe bwo gusohoka, urugero rw’ugutembera, ugukura ubushuhe mw’iriba rimwe{4}}n’ubushuhe buva mu mwaka, atari OD gusa n’ubwoko bw’urudodo.

Igishushanyo ca PERT II kiri aha hepfo kugira ngo kigaragaze ingene ubushuhe bwo gusohoka n’ububasha bw’iriba rimwe-bisuzumwa mu gihe c’ubushuhe bwo hasi busobanuwe.

Ivyuma bimenyerewe vy’ubushuhe bwo hasi birimwo igipfukisho c’uburebure bwa 273,05 × 11,43 mm gifise uburebure bwa 178 × 135 / 194 / 154 mm bihuye n’ingero z’imiyoboro y’amazi ku mariba y’uburebure bwa metero nka 4000–4500 n’uburebure bwa 3750–4500 kW4 n’uburebure bwa 3750–4500 kW. 140 × 100 / 154 mm y’uburebure bw’amariba y’uburebure bwa metero nka 3100 n’uburebure bwa kW nka 1250–1500, igipfukisho c’uburebure bwa mm 219,1 × 10,16 gifise uburebure bwa 140 × 100 / 154 mm ku mariba y’uburebure bwa metero nka 3000 n’uburebure bwa k2100. 177,8 × 9,19 mm n’uburebure bwa 114 × 81 / 127 mm ku mariba y’uburebure bwa metero nka 2500–3000 n’ubushobozi bwa kW nka 750–1000, n’uburebure bwa 139,7 × 7,72 mm bufise uburebure bwa 89 × 652 /000. amariba n’inguvu zigera kuri 400–600 kW.

Kugira ngo umugambi ushobore guhura neza, inzira y’ubushuhe bwo hasi irashirwa mu migwi H2000, H3000 na H4000. Mu majambo y’ingirakamaro, ivyo bigereranya inyishu z’ubushuhe bwo hasi zigenda zirushiriza kuba zikomeye kandi zisumba izindi, zifasha abaguzi guhuza uburebure bw’iriba n’ubushuhe-bukuramwo n’inzira ibereye y’imiyoboro.

Igereranyo ry'ibikorwa ritaziguye na ryo nyene rifasha gusobanura aho inzira y'imiyoboro y'ivyuma-yongera agaciro ugereranije na PERT II. Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushuhe bwa PERT II ni nk’ibice 0,42 W/(m·K), ugereranije n’ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushuhe bwa Octal buri munsi ya 0,02 W/(m·K). Mu kugereranya ubushuhe bwo mu mwobo wo hasi-degree 70, ubushobozi bwo gukura ubushuhe ni nk’ibice 375 kW ku PERT II na nk’ibice 650 kW ku muyoboro w’ivyuma vy’ubushuhe bwa Octal, ni ukuvuga ko ari ukwiyongera kw’ibice nka 275 kW, canke nk’ibice 73%. Mu kindi kigereranyo c’iriba ry’uburebure bwa m 2500 rifise ubushuhe bwo hasi bw’umwobo bugera kuri degre 60-, urugero rw’amazi 30 m3/h n’ubushuhe bw’amazi bugera kuri degre 20 -, PERT II ishika ku bushuhe bwo gusohoka bugera kuri degre 26 n’ubushobozi bwa 210 kW mu iriba rimwe {aach{21). 33℃na 453 kW, bituma ubushuhe bw’iriba rimwe-bushobora gukurwako butera imbere n’ubushobozi bwa 243 kW, canke hafi 116%.

Imbonerahamwe y’ukugereranya iri musi iraca irya n’ino ishingiro ry’igerageza rimwe n’itandukaniro ry’ubushobozi hagati y’umuyoboro w’ivyuma PERT II n’umuyoboro w’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma.

4. Ubuzima bw'igikorwa n'uburebure bw'amahitamwo
Ivyo bikoresho vy’amazi bikingiye amabara umunani bikoreshwa mu 2012.Uburebure bwa 2 n'uburebure bwa 3n'ubuzima bw'umugambi bujanye n'igihe kirekire-amazi maremare-, umwotsi{2}}injection canke igikorwa c'ubushuhe bwo hasi. Ubutungane bw’ubusa, ubushobozi bwo kwikingira n’ugusudira vyose birafise ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira imyaka myinshi y’uguhinduka kw’ubushuhe, rero k-agaciro ubona mu citegererezo c’umugambi ni k-agaciro ushobora kwitega mu murima.

Amatiyo y'umunani yubatswe ku bipimo vy'amatiyo vya API 5CT:

• N80, L80-1, L80-1Cr, L80-3Cr, L80-9Cr
• Q125, S135 n'ibindi bipimo vy'inkomezi zikomeye-vy'amariba ya HPHT
• Ihuza risanzwe niAPI BTC, kandi turashobora no gutanga:
• gazi-amahuza yihariye akomeye (nk'ivyuma-ku-ivyuma vy'agaciro bisa n'ibikorwa vy'agaciro gazi -iherezo ry'imiyoboro y'iriba).
• integral na semi-amahitamwo yo gusukura -ibice bihambaye.
• n’ibindi bihimba vy’umubiri bihuye n’ivyo bihimba vy’umubiri, crossovers n’ibikoresho.

Ivyo bisigura ko uronka inyungu z’ubushuhe bwa .ubusa bukingiwe n'imiyoboro, ariko abakozi bawe ba rig baracariko barayikoresha n’imigenzo imenyerewe yo gukoresha OCTG.

Amakuru y'urugero rw'ihuriro ry'abaserukira-ashobora gufasha abaguzi gusuzuma ibicuruzwa vy'abahiganwa imbere y'uko RFQ isozwa. Ivyitegererezo vy'imiyoboro y'ukwikingira -birimwo:

· 140 × 100- 5-1/2" BTC, ihuriro OD nk'mm 154, uburemere bw'ikintu nk'Ibiro 31/m, uburebure bw'inyandiko nk'cm 1429, hanze-umugwi w'imiyoboroN80 139.7 × 6, hanze-inkomezi z'umuvuduko w'imiyoboro nk'Irengeye canke ingana na 23 MPa, imbere -ishure ry'imiyoboroN80 108 × 4, imbere-inguvu z'umuvuduko w'imiyoboro nk'Izirengeye canke zingana na36 MPa, uburyo bwo gutwara ubushuhe ku gikorwa ca degre 100λ < 0.02 W/(m·K)

· 189 × 62 - 3-1/2" NU, ihuriro OD nk'mm 108, uburemere bw'ikintu nk'Ibiro 15.2/m, uburebure bw'inyandiko nk'amafuti 39, umuyoboro wo hanzeN80 89 × 4,hanze-inkomezi z'umuvuduko w'imiyoboro hafiIrengeye canke ingana na 25,8 MPa, umuyoboro wo mu mutimaJ55 70 × 4, imbere-inguvu z'umuvuduko w'imiyoboro nk'Irengeye canke ingana na 38 MPa, uburyo bwo gutwara ubushuhe ku gikorwa ca degre 100λ < 0.02 W/(m·K)

· 1219 × 182- 8-5/8" SC, ihuriro OD nk'mm 233, uburemere bw'ikintu nk'Ibiro 65.7/m, uburebure bw'inyandiko nk'amafuti 70,umuyoboro wo hanze 20# 219 × 7, hanze-inkomezi z'umuvuduko w'imiyoboro nk'Irengeye canke ingana na 9 MPa, umuyoboro wo mu mutima20# 196 × 6, imbere-inguvu z'umuvuduko w'imiyoboro nk'Irengeye canke ingana na 13 MPa, uburyo bwo gutwara ubushuhe ku gikorwa ca degre 100λ < 0.02 W/(m·K)

· 1114 × 81 - 4-1/2" BTC, ihuriro OD nk'127 milimetero,uburemere bw'ikintu nk'22,6 ibiro/m,uburebure bw'inyandiko hafiamafuti 96, umuyoboro wo hanzeN80 114 × 5,hanze-inkomezi z'umuvuduko w'imiyoboro hafiIrengeye canke ingana na 24,3 MPa, umuyoboro wo mu mutimaN80 89 × 4, imbere-inguvu z'umuvuduko w'imiyoboro nk'Irengeye canke ingana na 43 MPa, uburyo bwo gutwara ubushuhe ku gikorwa ca degre 100λ < 0.02 W/(m·K)

Ivyo bintu birahambaye kubera ko ugugura amatiyo akingiye-bifatwa n'ubushobozi bw'ubushuhe gusa. Ubwoko bw’uguhuza n’ugufatanya OD biragira ico bikoze ku bijanye n’ugusohoka, ukuntu bihuye n’imiterere y’iriba ririho be n’ubushobozi bwo gushiramwo ibintu mu murima. Kwongera ibi bisobanuro vy'urugero rw'akarorero-ku rupapuro bituma ikiganiro kiba ngirakamaro cane ku bijanye n'isubiramwo ry'ubuhinga n'ukugereranya ugugura.

Inzira yacu yo gukora amatiyo akingiye igenewe kwizigirwa kw’uruzitiro rw’ubusa hamwe n’ubushobozi bw’ubuhinga:

1. Gutegura umuyoboro udafise umugozi– imiyoboro yo hanze n’iyo mu mutima ikorwa n’imiyoboro idafise umurongo ishushe-izunguruka, ikata ku burebure, ikoreshwa n’ubushuhe- kandi igasuzumwa 100 % NDT-. Ivyuma biraraswa-kugira ngo bifatanye neza kandi bisukure.
2. Iteraniro ry'ukwikingira– umuyoboro w’imbere uzingwa canke ushirwa mu bwoya bwa perlite / glaas, igipande kigaragaza umuco n’ibipande bitandukanye bishingiye ku rugero rw’ubushuhe rwatowe, hanyuma ugashirwa mu muyoboro wo hanze.
3. Imbere-gukaraba no gusudira– controlled pre-stretch ikoreshwa ku nzira y’imbere, hanyuma impera zompi zigashirwako amabuye kugira ngo zifunge umugozi mu gihe ziguma zitunganye.
4. Gutunganya ubusa– annulus irakurwa ku rugero rw’ubusa rwategekanijwe; getters zikora kugira ngo zigumye zifise umukazo mutoyi ku buzima bw’urudodo.
5. Igerageza ry'ubutungane bw'ugusohoka n'ubusa– amabarabara n’ibibanza vy’ubusa birageragezwa (NDT n’ibipimo vy’ugusohoka) kugira ngo bemeze ko annulus ifatanye.
6. Igerageza ry'ubushuhe– amajosi y’akarorero ava mu gice kimwekimwe cose ageragezwa λ kugira ngo hasuzumwe urugero rw’ivyuma bifatanya.
7. Gutera indodo no guheza– amahuzu arakoreshwa n’imashini, agapimwa n’ibishushanyo vya API 5B canke vy’agaciro, indodo zirashirwako phosphate zigakingirwa, kandi amahuza arashirwako ikimenyetso kandi agapakirwa kugira ngo atwarwe.

8.Uruhererekane rw'ibigeragezo rwose– ivy’ubuhinga, NDT, ivy’ubusa, ivy’ubushuhe n’ivy’indodo – biboshe kuumubare w'ubushuhe n'umubare w'urufatiro, kandi vyanditswe mu EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2 kugira ngo umugambi wemezwe.

Inzira y’uguhingura ishobora gusobanurwamwo neza nk’ugutegura no gutera umubabaro iherezo ry’imiyoboro-, gukoresha ubushuhe, gusuzuma, gucapura uburebure butahinduka-n’ugusukura imbere/inyuma; gupfuka ivyuma vy’aluminium n’ibikoresho vyo kwikingira; gukoranya imirongo y’inyuma n’iy’imbere; imbere-gukaraba no gusudira; gukuraho ubusa n’ugusuzuma ivyuka biva n’ugusuzuma imishwarara ya X-; annulus-uguhagarika ubusa; ubushuhe-igerageza ry'ubushobozi bwo gutwara umuriro; n’ibikorwa vya nyuma nk’ugutera indodo, gupima amazi no gupakira ibintu hanze. Iyi nsobanuro y’uburyo bwo kwongerako irabereye kwongerwako kuko iha abaguzi inzira igaragara yo kwemera kuva ku nzira y’amazi gushika ku nzira y’amazi y’ivyuma.

Kuva ku bijanye n’amasoko, ikibazo c’ubudandaji si co gusa nimba igicuruzwa gitangura n’ugutakaza ubushuhe buke, ariko nimba iyo annulus iguma ipfutse, nimba ahantu h’ugusudira haguma hashikamye inyuma y’ugusubiramwo ubushuhe be n’uko amajosi arangije ashobora kurekurwa n’ugusubirwamwo kw’indodo no gukurikirana mu 1990. Ni co gituma igice ca QA gikwiye kuguma kiboshe ku kigeragezo c’ubushuhe, ubutungane bw’ubusa, NDT, isuzuma ry’ihuriro n’inyandiko hamwe aho kubifata nk’ibirego bitandukanye.

Ibisubizo vyinshi vy'ubushakashatsiimiyoboro yingiyemu vy’ukuri yerekeza ku bintu vyo hejuru nk’imbere y'igihe PEX tubeku karere-ubushuhe bw'inzira,amazi y'umuringa yikingiyeku bijanye na HVAC,imiyoboro y'ubushuhe igabanya ubushuheku nsinga z'umuyagankuba, canke ibintu vy'ibara nk'dekron ikingiwe n'imiyoboroikoreshwa mu bikoresho vy’inganda. Ivyo bikoresho birafise akamaro mu mirima yabo, ariko ni .ntiyagenewe hasi-umwobo 350–400 degre service, imizigo myinshi yo gusenyuka canke ibisabwa na API 5CT.

Octal itanga urutonde rutandukanye:ivyuma vy'ubusa vy'amavuta, gazi n'amariba y'ubushuhe bwo hasi. Igicuruzwa cacu:

• ikoresha API 5CT-imirongo y'icuma aho gukoresha ivyuma canke umuringa.
• ni injeniyeri kugira ngo itware umwotsi kandi igatuma haba amazi ari mu gitutu kinini cane mu burebure.
• ifatanya n'imirongo y'ivyuma vya OCTG, ibikoresho vyo ku mutwe w'iriba n'ibikoresho vyo hasi-imyobo.
• kandi ica mu rugero rumwe rw’igerageza rya OCTG nk’iry’imiyoboro y’ubuhinga, hejuru y’igerageza ry’ubusa n’ubushuhe.

Rero nimba umugambi wawe ukeneyeimbere y'igihe PEX tubecankeamazi y'umuringa yikingiyeku mirongo yo hejuru, ivyo ni ibintu bitandukanye; iyo ukeneye amatiyo y’icuma ashobora kurokoka mw’iriba ubwaryo,Ubusa bw'umunani bukingiwe n'imiyoboroni umuti ubereye.

Octal itanga urutonde rutandukanye: amatiyo y’icuma n’imiyoboro y’amazi y’amavuta, gazi, ubushuhe bwo hasi n’amazi ashushe-. Ico gikoresho cubatswe ku bipimo vy’icuma aho kuba ku mapulasitike canke ku muringa, gikoreshwa mu gutwara umwotsi canke amazi ashushe mu bihe vy’amariba, gifatanya n’imirongo ya OCTG be n’ibikoresho vyo mu mwobo, kandi gica mu bikoresho vy’ubuhinga, ubushuhe, ubusa n’ugucungera uburyo bujanye n’uguhuza-.

Iyindi ntandukaniro ni uko uwo muryango w'ibicuruzwa udakwiye gutahurwa gusa nk'imiyoboro y'injection y'umwotsi-y'amariba y'amavuta. Harimwo kandi inzira y’imiyoboro y’ugukingira-ugushushanya kw’ubushuhe bwo hasi, ugutanga amashanyarazi y’ubushuhe bwo hasi n’amariba y’amazi ashushe-, aho agaciro gapimwa n’ubushuhe bwinshi bwo gusohoka, ukuzigama neza ubushuhe n’ubushuhe bukomeye bw’iriba rimwe -bushobora gukura -ubushobozi bwo gukura.

Baza ubu

IBIBAZO bibazwa

 

 

IKIBAZO 1 – Ni ryari nokoresha amatiyo afise insulation aho gukoresha amatiyo asanzwe?

Gukoreshaubusa bukingiwe n'imiyoboromu gutera umuriro (CSS / SAGD), amazi maremare-amavuta aremereye-, amariba y’ubushuhe bwo hasi n’ay’ubukonje buhoraho, canke aho ubushuhe bw’ibishashara, amazi canke ubushuhe bwinshi bw’uruzitiro ari ingorane. Igabanya ikoreshwa ry’amavuta, ikingira igipfukisho kandi ifasha kuguma ibikorwa bigenda neza.

IKIBAZO 2 – Ni ubunini ubuhe n’uburyo ubuhe buboneka ku matiyo y’amazi afise insulation?

Turatangaimiyoboro yingiyeishingiye kuri API 5CT y'imiyoboro kuva2-7/8"×1.9" kugeza kuri 7"×5-1/2", mu bice nka N80, L80 series na Q125, n’amahuza ya BTC canke gaze y’agaciro-akomeye, uburebure bwa R2/R3 n’amahuza y’imbwa y’inzoka ahuye.

IKIBAZO 3 – Ni ubuhe bushuhe n’agaciro ka k-ashobora gukora?

Octal Pipe VIT yagenewe gushika nko kuri 100.000.Degre 400akotsi canke amazi ashushe. Ivyiyumviro bitandukanye vy'ukwikingira bitanga agaciro gato k- gushika hafi0,002-0,006 W/(m· degre), bikaba bitanga ubushuhe buke cane bwo gutakaza amazi y’iriba kuruta amatiyo asanzwe yo gukora.

Ivyemezo

 

Icemezo ca CE

Icemezo ca ISO 9001

Icemezo ca API Q1

Icemezo ca ABS

Icemezo ca AP-5L

Icemezo ca API-5CT

 

Ubwoko bwa serivisi:urushinge rw'umwotsi (CSS / SAGD), gukora amavuta menshi, amazi maremare, ubushuhe bwo hasi, amariba y'ubukonje buhoraho

Ishusho:umuyoboro w'icuma udafise umurongo ufise uruhome rubiri -, ukuweho umugozi ufise ivyuma vyinshi bikingiriza

Ingano y'urutonde (inyuma × imbere):

73 × 40 mm (2-7/8" × 1.9")

89 × 50 mm (3-1/2" × 2-3/8")

114 × 76 mm (4-1/2" × 3-1/2")

140 × 101 milimetero (5-1/2" × 4-1/2")

178 × 124 mm (7" × 5-1/2")

Uburebure:Urutonde rwa 2 (R2) n'urwego rwa 3 (R3), amahuriro y'imbwa afise ivyuma bikingiye araboneka

Ibiciro vy'icuma:N80, L80-1 / 1Cr / 3Cr / 9Cr, Q125, S135 n'ibindi bipimo vya API 5CT

Amahuza:API BTC nk'itegeko, amahitamwo ya gazi-amahuza y'agaciro

Amanota y'ubushuhe (k-agaciro):ingero nyinshi z'ukwikingira, k gushika hafi . 0.002–0.006 W/(m·℃) bivanye n'urugero

Max. ubushuhe bwo gukoresha:kugera kuri degre 400 (ibikorwa-bivana)

Imisoro ishushe: Ivyuma vy'ubusa vy'ubusa, Ubushinwa vy'ubusa vy'ubusa vy'amazi vy'ubusa abahinguzi, abagurisha, uruganda