Umuyoboro w'icuma kidashobora gusenyuka

Umuyoboro w'icumani igikoresho c'icuma gishobora guhangana n'uburozi-gikozwe hafiIbikorwa vy'ubuhinga, urugero rwa kloride, ubushuhe, umuvuduko, n'uburyo bwo gukora(gusudira, gupfukama, gutera/gutera). "Iburyo" umuyoboro ntutorwa n'izina ry'icigwa gusa-abaguzi kenshi bafungaivyagezwe (ASTM/EN/ISO), uburyo bw'igicuruzwa (butagira umurongo canke bushizweko amabuye), n'uburebure bw'isuzuma/inyandikombere, hanyuma wemeze urugero n'imibereho y'imbere bikenewe kugira ngo ushobore kwizigirwa igihe kirekire-.

Ivyuma bitagira ibara ni kimwe mu bikoreshwa cane mu gutorera umuti amazi y’ivyuma, igikorwa c’umuvuduko munini -, n’ibikorwa vy’ubushuhe bwinshi. Mu gihe c’ingingo mfatirwako zemewe kw’isi yose za ASTM A312 / ASME SA312, imiyoboro y’icuma idashobora gusenyuka ikoreshwa mu buryo butagira umurongo, bushizwemwo amabuye, kandi bukonje cane kugira ngo bushitse ku bisabwa bikomeye cane vy’inganda nk’ivy’amavuta n’amazi, ivy’ubuhinga bwa peteroli, ivy’uguhingura amashanyarazi, ivy’uguhingura ibifungurwa n’ivy’amazi,.

Nk'ukoUmuhinguzi w'imiyoboro y'icuman'ugushora hanze-umufatanyabikorwa w'ugutanga ibikoresho muumuyoboro w'icuma utagira ibara Ubushinwa, Octal Pipe itanga imiyoboro y’icuma idashobora gusenyuka ifise uburemere bwose, ubugenzuzi bubereye bw’ingero, n’ukwizera uburyo bukomeye. Ibintu vyacu vyemewe n’ingingo mfatirwako mpuzamakungu (ASTM, ASME, EN, DIN) kandi bihuye n’ivyo abakiriya basaba mu bijanye n’imigenderanire y’ibintu bihambaye be n’ibikorwa vy’imibumbe.

Octal Pipe itanga imiyoboro y’icuma idashobora gusenyuka ikozwe hakurikijwe amategeko ya ASTM A312 / ASME SA312 n’izindi ngingo mpuzamakungu. Izo tiyo ziboneka mu buryo butagira umugozi, bushizweko amabuye (ERW/EFW), kandi bukoreshwa cane mu bukonje (HCW), zikaba zishobora guhangana n’ugusenyuka, zikomeye cane mu bushuhe bwinshi, kandi zikaba zikora neza cane mu bijanye n’ingero.
2205, na Super Duplex 2507, imiyoboro yacu y’icuma idashobora gusenyuka ikoresha inganda nyinshi harimwo amavuta n’amazi, amazi y’ubuhinga bwa peteroli, ivyo kunywa, n’ubwubatsi.

1.Urugero n'Ivyagezwe vy'Ishingiro

• ASME A312 / ASME SA312 – Umuyoboro w’icuma kitagira ibara w’i Austenitic ku bijanye n’ugusenyuka muri rusangi n’ugukoresha ubushuhe bwinshi-; ibipfukisho Bitagira Umurongo (SMLS), Ivyuma Bifise/Bitagira Ivyuzuza), n’Ibikorwa Bikomeye Bikomeye (HCW).
• Ivyerekeye ingero: ASME B36.19M (ubunini/uburemere bw’imiyoboro idakora) na ASME B36.10M (igihe bishoboka).
• Igenzura n'inyandiko: RU 10204 3.1/3.2 ivyemezo vy'ikigeragezo; umukiriya w’ubuhinga ITP/icabona.

2.Ivyagezwe bifitaniye isano

• ASTM A213 / SA213– Ivyuma vy’amazi n’ivy’amazi y’ubushuhe bwinshi.
• ASTM A269 – Ibikorwa rusangi / ibikoresho vy’amazi.
• ASTM A358 – Umuyoboro munini w’umuyagankuba w’uburebure bw’uburebure bw’umuyagankuba (EFW).
• ASTM A789 / A790 – Amatiyo y’ibara ry’agahama n’ay’ibara ry’agahama.
• RU 10216-5 / RU 10217-7 – Ivyuma bitagira umurongo / bifatanye n’ivyuma bitagira umurongo kubera intumbero z’ugutera umukazo.
• Ibikorwa vy'umunyu bitari vyo: NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156.

3.Imiryango y'amashure yatanzwe

• 18Cr-8Ni; intumbero rusangi, ishobora gusudirwa kandi ishobora gukorwa.
• TP316 / TP316L – Ishobora gutwara Mo-, ni nziza cane mu gukoresha ivyuma vy’amazi.
• TP321 / TP347 – Ti/Nb ihagaze neza, ibuza gusenyuka kw’ibihimba vy’umubiri inyuma y’ugusudira.
• TP310S – Cr-Ni nyinshi, ishobora guhangana n’uguhinduka kw’ibinyabuzima iyo ubushuhe burengeye.
• 2205 / Ivyumba bibiri vyiza cane 2507 – Inkomezi nyinshi, ubushobozi bwo guhangana na SCC bwiza cane.

4.Inyandiko n'ugukurikirana

• MTRs zifise isesengura ry’imiti, ibisubizo vy’ubuhinga, amakuru ya NDT, amakuru y’ugukoresha ubushuhe.
• Ubushuhe umubare gutera ikidodo kugira ngo ushobore gukurikirana neza.
• Igerageza rya PMI riraboneka iyo ubisavye.
• Ivyiyumviro vy’ugusenyuka n’ivy’IGC (ASTM A262, G48).

316L Umuyoboro w'icuma kitagira ibara

316L umuyoboro w'icuma kidashobora gusenyukani kenshi igaragazwa ku mazi afise chloride-, ibikorwa vy'imiti biyoroshe, n'ibikorwa vyo mu kiyaga -biri hafi kubera ko imiti ifise Mo-itera imbere mu guhangana n'ibinogo ugereranije na 304/304L, mu gihe urugero rwa "L" rufasha gukora neza inyuma yo kugabanya ingorane zo gusudira.

Mu gutanga amasoko,316L umuyoboro w'icuma kidashobora gusenyukabikwiye gusobanurwa na: (1) ingingo ngenderwako (nk’akarorero, ASTM A312 TP316L), (2) ubunini n’urutonde, (3) uko ivyuma vyifashe (vyashizwe mu mfuruka/vyashizwe mu mfuruka iyo bisabwa), na (4) urugero rw’isuzuma n’inyandiko-ku buryo umuyoboro ushikirijwe uhuye n’ingingo zompi z’igikorwa c’ibikorwa n’ivy’ukwemererwa n’uruganda.

Umuyoboro w'icuma kitagira ibara muri rusangi utangwa nk'ata murongocankegusudirwa, kandi uguhitamwo neza akenshi bigenwa n’ivyo .igikorwa (umuvuduko/ubushuhe/ukwikorera kw'ingendo), uburyo bwo gukora, n’urugero rw’isuzuma risabwa n’umugambi ITP. Mu gutanga amasoko, "seamless vs welded" ni bike ku bijanye n'uguhitamwo kandi ni vyinshi ku bijanye n'uko iyo serivisi yemera umudozi wo gusudira-n'ingene uwo mudozi uzokwemerwa kandi ukandikwa. Uko ni ko Octal Pipe ihindura ihitamwo igihe isubiramwo amapaki y'ubunini buvanze-.

Umuyoboro w'icuma kitagira umugozini kenshi itoranywa iyo igikorwa gikomeye cane-umuvuduko munini, ubushuhe bwinshi, canke ubushuhe busaba cane-n'igihe abaguzi bashaka umubiri w'imiyoboro uhuye ku mirongo y'ibikorwa bihambaye. Ni inzira kandi ikora ku bipimo vyinshi bitobito aho ukuboneka kw’imirongo idakomeye gukomeye kandi ugusubiramwo kw’imirongo y’ugusudira-kwongera ubugoyagoye budakenewe mu kwakira. Ibintu nyamukuru bitera guhitamwo birimwo:

• Ibisobanuro/kode bisaba mu buryo butomoye ata murongo
• Ubushuhe bwinshi - canke ibikorwa vy'ingendo aho umubumbe udasanzwe arivyo bikundwa
• Ukwihanganira gukomeye gukwiriye-ku bikoresho vyakozwe mbere

Umuyoboro w'icuma kidashobora gusenyuka(ERW/EFW) ikunda gutorwa ku bipimo binini, urugendo rurerure rugororotse, n'ibiciro- vyiza aho ibisobanuro vyemeza inyubako y'ivyuma. Aha, ivy’ugutanga amasoko bihindukira bikaja ku kwemera umudozi-ugucungera uburyo bwo gusudira, urugero rwa NDT (UT/RT aho bishoboka), n’ibisabwa ku bijanye n’imibereho y’imbere (gutera ivyatsi/gutera ivyatsi) bigira ico bikoze ku busuku bwo gukoresha. Ku bikoresho vy’amabuye, Octal Pipe akenshi ihuza urugero rw’isuzuma ry’umudozi n’inyandiko ku nzira y’ukwemera umugambi kugira ngo ugusohora urubuga ntigufate ku gusobanura.

Ivyiyumviro bisanzwe bikoreshwa ku migambi birimwoASTM A312(umuyoboro w'ibara ry'agahama),ASTM A790(umuyoboro utagira ibara),ASTM A213(imiyoboro y'ubushuhe/ubushuhe),ASTM A269(ibikoresho vy’imiyoboro), naASTM A358(umuyoboro munini-OD ushizwemwo amabuye y’agaciro).

Nimba uriko urasuzumaUmuhinguzi w'imiyoboro y'icuma, ikintu mu vy'ukuri gitandukanya inkomoko yizewe n'iyishobora gutera ingorane ni uruganda-urugero rwo gusubiramwo:igenzura ry'urugero, ubutungane bw'ivyuma (ku muyoboro w'ivyuma), ugushikama kw'ingero, uburyo bwo ku ruhande, n'ugukurikirana. Nk'ukouruganda rw'imiyoboro y'icuma-umuguzi ashigikiwe muriumuyoboro w'icuma utagira ibara Ubushinwa, Octal Pipe ishirwaho kugira ngo irekure imiyoboro idashobora gusenyuka ifise ubugenzuzi abaguzi bashobora gusuzuma ku migambi nyayo-cane cane ku migambi ivanze-y'urugero aho 304L na 304L na .316L umuyoboro w'icuma kidashobora gusenyukantishobora kwemererwa kujabuka.

Uruganda rwacu-uruhande rw'ubugenzuzi harimwo:

• PMI / igenzura ry'ubuhinga (igihe bisabwa):ibuza ibitari vyo-ivy'ivangura-ups, ingorane rusangi zo kwakira ku bintu vy'umurongo 304L/316L.
• Igenzura ry'ingero:OD/WT, ubugororotsi, ubugororotsi-ivyo bifata ingingo y'umuvuduko ubereye-ku bikoresho vy'imbere n'urugendo rurerure.
• Igenzura ry'umudozi wo gusudira (ku muyoboro wo gusudira):Ku bikorwa vy’uguhingura nk’umuyoboro w’icuma kidashobora gusenyuka 316L, dufunga ibipimo vy’ugusudira (idirisha ry’ubushuhe, umuvuduko w’urugendo, igipfukisho c’ingabo) maze tugakurikirana ugushikama kw’umurongo n’ugukurikirana kw’umurongo; umurongo w’amabuye y’agaciro ugenzurwa ku rugero rwo kwemera umugambi (mu bisanzwe bisobanurwa nk’imipaka ku burebure bw’amabuye/uguca munsi n’ugutunganya nk’igikorwa c’uburebure bw’uruhome), kandi ugukoresha amabuye yo mu mutima biracungirwa aho bisabwa kugira ngo umugozi ugume uhuye kugira ngo ukore n’ugutemba.
• Indero y'imiterere y'ubutaka:pickling/passivation n'ibisabwa vy'isuku vyasobanuwe kugira ngo umuntu yirinde "bisa n'ibimeze neza, binanirwa mu bikorwa/gutanga" ibitangaje.
• Gushora hanze ibipfukisho & gusohora ikarita:Kuberaumuyoboro w'icuma utagira ibara Ubushinwagutanga, ingorane z'umugambi rusangi ni grade mix-up, kwonona ubuso, no gutevya gusohoka igihe wakira. Octal Pipe igabanya ivyo n'ikimenyetso gitomoye, uburinzi bw'iherezo, amahitamwo yo gupakira umugwi/akadiri, n'ibintu vyinshi -bishingiye ku gusohora bigaragaza ikaritaikimenyetso c'imiyoboro → MTC → amadosiye y'igenzura. Inyishu ni yoroshe: ibirego bike, inzinguzingu nke zo gusubiramwo-, n'ugusohora ububiko vyihuta-kubera ko umuyoboro ushika nk'uburyo bugenzurwa, atari ikirundo c'ibikoresho.

Ni co gituma abaguzi benshi barondera .Umuhinguzi w'imiyoboro y'icumacankeuruganda rw'imiyoboro y'icumamuumuyoboro w'icuma utagira ibara Ubushinwan’ukwitaho bike ivyerekeye ivyifuzo rusangi kandi n’ukwitaho cane nimba uwugurisha ashobora gutanga ingaruka imwe ata guhinduka: ikigero kibereye (harimwo316L umuyoboro w'icuma kidashobora gusenyuka), ibipimo bikwiye, ubuso bubereye, n'ibimenyamenya vy'isuzuma bibereye-ata gusubira gukora ku kwakira.

Nk’Umuhinguzi w’Imiyoboro y’Ivyuma Bitagira Ibara, Octal Pipe irekura imiyoboro idashobora gusenyuka ifise ibipimo vy’uguhingura bigenzurwa, ubutungane bw’umudozi bugenzuwe (aho bishoboka), n’inyandiko z’igenzura zishobora gukurikirana.

1.Idafise umugozi (SMLS)

• Ivyo bikorwa: Gushushanya → Gutobora → Gutera → Gupima → Gutera umuti → Gutera → Gugerageza.
• Inyungu: Nta n’umudozi wo gusudira, wizigirwa kubera umuvuduko munini-n’ibikorwa bihambaye.

2.Vyasudiwe (ERW/EFW)

• Uburyo bwo gukora: Gukora umurongo canke amasahani → Gusudira mu buryo burebure/burebure → Gutera umuti → Gupima → Gugorora.
• Uburyo bwo gusudira: ERW/HFI, TIG/GTAW, SAW, EFW bivanye n’ivyo OD/WT.
• Inyungu: Igiciro-kibereye, ubunini bwagutse buraboneka, uburyo bwo gusukura n'ugukuraho amabuye.

3.Ibikorwa vy'ubukonje bukomeye (HCW)

• Ivyo bikorwa: Kugabanya ubukonje ku muyoboro w’amabuye + gutera.
• Inyungu: Kwongerekana kw’inkomezi, ukwihangana gukomeye, iherezo ryiza.

4.Ubushuhe buvugwa n'ubutaka

• Umuti Gutera umuriro: 1050–1150 degre zizimya vuba.
• Amahitamwo yo ku ruhande: Ivyatsi & ivyatsi, ivyatsi bikeye, satin-isukuye, indorerwamo-isukuye.

5.Ubugenzuzi bw'uburyo

• Igerageza ry’amazi, Eddy Current/UT, Radiyo ku mudogo n’umubiri.
• Igerageza ry’ubuhinga: Gukomera, umwimbu, ubukomezi, gushaza/gushaza.
• Ivyiyumviro vy’ugusenyuka: ASTM A262 (IGC), ASTM G48 (ugutera ivyatsi).

Igihe umuguzi aronkaumuyoboro w'icuma utagira ibara Ubushinwa, ingorane nyayo si "insyo yoshobora gukora ibintu bitagira ibara"-ni nimba uwuyitanga ashoboraGufata urugero + ubunini + uburyo bwo ku ruhandemu buryo budahinduka mu mpapuro zose. Porogarama ya Octal Pipe y’ivyuma bitagira ibara yubatswe kuri ukwo kuri: imiyoboro idafise umurongo ku bijanye n’imirongo ya OD ikomeye cane n’ubutaka bugenzurwa, hamwe n’imiyoboro y’ivyuma vy’imirongo myinshi, vyose biva mu nzira y’uruganda ihuriza hamwe gutera/gushushanya, gutera ubushuhe, kugorora, no gutera mu murongo umwe.

Ivyo bisigura kuri PO nyayo ni vyoroshe. Nimba umugambi usaba .316L umuyoboro w'icuma kidashobora gusenyuka(kenshi ivangwa na 304L/321 canke duplex), Octal Pipe ishobora kuguma isukuye mu gutanga mu madirisho asanzwe ya OD-ata murongo gushika ku 100.000.mm630kandi n’ugusudira gushika ku .mm2620, n’uruhome rwinshi cane1-35 mm-rero ubunini ntibuhatira "ibisubizo" hagati-ijambo. Ku ruhande rw'uguhingura, inzira ni ibikoresho-bitwara: a280 insyo yo gusesa + gusesa, nonegukonja/gushushanya gukonja, hanyuma hakurikirwagazi kavukire-ugushakandigutekaku bijanye no gutunganya ahantu, kandi mu nyumakugororaimbere y’uko arekurwa. Uwo murongo w'imigenderanire niwo ushigikira inyifato ihamye-n'uguhingura, atari izina ry'icigwa gusa ku mpapuro.

Ivyiyumviro n’ibiharuro bipfukwa mu buryo EPCs zigura vy’ukuri: imiyoboro/imiyoboro rusangi kuASME (A312/A213/A269; A789/A790), wongerekoEN (10216-5/10216-2), DIN (17456/17458), JIS (G3459/G3463), GOST (9941/5632), na GB (14975/14976, 13296, 5310, 9948). Ivyiyumviro vy’ubuhinga birimwo imiryango y’amabuye y’agaciro (TP304/304L, TP316/316L, TP321, TP347, TP310S, TP317L, 904L), amazu abiri/abiri cane (S31803/S32205/S3). (Ibarabara ry'Uburundi). Muri make: aUmuhinguzi w'imiyoboro y'icumaubushobozi bupfuka vyose "ibiterwa vya misi yose bitagira ibara" n'ibipapuro bikomeye vy'ugusenyuka, n'inzira y'uruganda rw'imiyoboro y'icuma idashobora gusenyuka ishobora gutuma umusaruro uguma uhuye mu mirongo n'ingingo mfatirwako.

Baza ubu

IBIBAZO bibazwa

 

 

IKIBAZO:304 vs 316L umuyoboro w'icuma kitagira ibara - ni uwuhe novuga?

A:Nimba umurongo uzobonakloride(amazi akonjesha, gukaraba, umuyaga wo ku nkengera y’ikiyaga, gupfuka amazi y’umunyu),316/316Lni kenshi bigaragazwa kubera ko molybdenum itera imbere mu guhangana n’ibitero vy’ibinogo/ibinogo vy’aho hantu ugereranyije n’urutonde rwa 304.316Lni kenshi bikundwa ku bikoresho vy’ugusudira kugira ngo bigabanye ingorane zo gutera ubwoba inyuma yo gusudira.

IKIBAZO: ASTM A312 n'A213 n'A269 - ni irihe tandukaniro (umuyoboro n'umuyoboro)?

I: Wiyumvire "igikorwa + urupapuro rw'igicuruzwa":ASTM A312ni ibitagira ibaraumuyoboroku bushuhe bwinshi-n'ibikorwa rusangi vy'ugusenyuka (bitagira umurongo canke bifatanye).ASTM A213ninta mugoziBoteri/ubushuhe bwinshi/ubushuhe-ubuhinduziimiyoboro, kandiASTM A269ni ibitagira ibaraimiyoboro(itagira umurongo canke ipfutse) ku bijanye n’ugusenyuka muri rusangi-kurwanya, ubushuhe buke/burengeye-.

IKIBAZO: Umuyoboro w'icuma kitagira umugozi vs ushizwemwo - nohitamwo gute ntarengeje-gusobanura?

A: Hitamwonta mugoziiyo igikorwa canke spec bikomeye cane (umuvuduko munini/ubushuhe, gutwara ikinga bikomeye, canke "bisabwa ata murongo"). Guhitamwogusudirwaiyo spec ibirekuriye kandi umugambi ukangukira ku OD/WT idahinduka n'ukuboneka-hanyuma ugenzure ingorane mu gusobanuraumudozi NDT uburebure(UT/RT/ET kuri ITP) n’ibisabwa ku bijanye n’imiterere y’ubutaka muri PO.

IKIBAZO: Noshobora gute guha uburenganzira umuhinguzi/uruganda rw’amatiyo y’icuma kidashobora gusenyuka mu Bushinwa imbere yo gushiramwo PO?

A: SabaRU 10204 3.1icemeza ko kiboshe ku gice catanzwe (ibisubizo vy’ikigeragezo + itangazo ry’ukubahiriza), kandi bisaba gukurikirana kuvaikimenyetso c'imiyoboro → MTC → amadosiye y'igenzura; yongerako PMI aho ingorane z'urugero-vanga ari nyinshi (nk'akarorero, amapaki 304L + 316L). Ubu ni bwo buryo bwihuta bwo gukuraho ingorane "y'imiyoboro y'ivyuma bitagira ibara mu Bushinwa" no kwirinda kwakira-ugucererwa kw'ugusohoka.

Ivyemezo

 

Icemezo ca CE

Icemezo ca ISO 9001

Icemezo ca API Q1

Icemezo ca ABS

Icemezo ca AP-5L

Icemezo ca API-5CT

 

OD:6 milimetero – 1200 milimetero

Uburebure bw'uruhome:0.3 – 50 mm (SCH 5S gushika kuri XXS)

Uburebure:6m, 12m, 20ft, 40ft, gukata ku buryo busanzwe

Iherezo:Igipfutse, gisanzwe, gifise indodo n'ibifatanya

Iherezo ryo hejuru:A/P, BA, isukuye, indorerwamo

Imisoro ishushe: ivyuma bitagira ibara, Ubushinwa abahinguzi b'ivyuma bitagira ibara, abagurisha, uruganda