Ibarabara ry'ikikuje

Umugozi uzunguruka (umugozi w'icuma uzunguruka)niIgikoresho c'icuma gikomeyeitangwa mu burebure bugororotse, busobanurwa ahanini n’uburebure bwayo .uburebure(nk’akarorero, Ø12 mm) n’ingene umuntu atanga (ashushe-azunguruka, asanzwe, canke azimye & ashushe). Udakunze umuyoboro canke umuyoboro, ufisenta mwobo-ikoreshwa nk'ububiko butagiramwo ibinuregukoresha imashini, gucuza, no gukorakugira ngo bakore amashati, amapine, amabouti, amabouti, n’ibihimba vy’imibumbe/ivy’ubuhinga.

 

Octal Pipe itanga ivyuma n'ivyuma bidasanzweintsinga zikikujeikoreshwa n'amashirahamwe manini manini y'ivyuma yihariye y'Abashinwa-, afise uburebure kuva kuri5 mm gushika kuri 360 mm, ishikirizwa mu buryo bushushe-buzinguye, busanzwe, canke buzimye-n'-bushushe. Izo bars zigenewe abakiriya bakora ibikorwa vy’amamashini, ivy’ugucukura, n’ivy’uguhingura ibihimba mu nzego nk’inguvu, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, ivy’amazi, ivy’ugutwara abantu n’ibintu n’ivy’amamashini rusangi.

Akarorero (MTC-yashigikiwe):Icemezo c’insyo kiri aha hepfo (Ø27 mm × 6 m, 35.916 t total) kirerekana ubuhinga busanzwe bw’icuma c’uruziga n’urugero rw’ubuhinga bukoreshwa mu bihimba bisaba. shimi: nk’ibice 0,33–0,34% C, P nto ( Iri munsi canke ingana na 0,017%) na S nto ( Iri munsi canke ingana na 0,004%), hamwe n’ibintu bifatanya V, Ti na B.ntaicuma c’ishimikiro co kwubaka, ariko .ubukomezi burengeye-, intete nziza-, umugozi muto -n'ibice bikeneye inkomezi (≈950 MPa tensile) n'ubukomezi bwo gutera ku –20℃. Ivyuma nk’ibi ni vyiza cane nk’ibintu bitagira agaciro vy’amabuye, amabuye, amapine, ibihimba vy’umuduga, ibihimba vyo gucukura no gucukura.

 

Ibarabara ryose rishobora gutangwa nagukurikirana neza(umubare w'ubushuhe, igitigiri c'imiti, igerageza ry'ugukomera, igerageza ry'inkubita, gukomera/gukomera n'ubukomezi) hakurikijwe EN 10204 3.1/3.2.

 

 

 

 

Ubwoko bw'igicuruzwa	Ingano y'urutonde
Ushushe-umugozi uzungurutse	5 – 360 mm
Ibarabara ry'umuriro	Ubwaguke bwa milimetero 50 – 810, uburebure bwa milimetero 6 – 160
Umurongo w'inzira	Iminota 150, iminota 200, iminota 250, iminota 280

 

Ku bijanye n’amasoko,Umugozi uzunguruka 12mmni ubunini busanzwe bw’amahugurwa y’ibiti bitobito, ibipimo, n’ibifatanya, mu giheumurongo uzunguruka R6.ni kenshi ikoreshwa ku rutonde rw'imbuga kugira ngo isobanureØ6 mm umugozi uzunguruka(ibishushanyo bimwe bimwe bikoresha "R" nk'umurongo-rero wemeze nimba R6 bisobanura Ø6 canke umurongo 6).

 

Ingano z'imirongo y'uruzitiro (mm) ikoreshwa mu gukora imashini no gukora ahantu:

 

Ingano y'umugozi uzunguruka (mm)	Ikoreshwa risanzwe ku rubuga (igikorwa nyaco)
6 (R6) / 8 / 10	Utugingo ngengabuzima dutoduto, ibikoresho vy'inanga, ibifatanya umuco, ibice vya jig
12 (umugozi uzunguruka 12mm) / 16 / 20	Imirongo rusangi, amaboko, ama adaptateri, ibice vyo gusana
25 / 30 / 40	Ibifatanya, ibice vy'umuduga, ibice vy'imashini
50 / 60 / 80	Ivyuma bikomeye-ibipimo, ibice vy'ubucukuzi, ibice vy'ubucukuzi
100+	Ibikoresho vyinshi vy'imashini, ibice vy'ubuhinga

 

 

 

Kuva kuri MTC wohereje (Nomero y’ubushuhe. 0242306413 / 0242306412, uburebure. 27 mm × m 6), ubuhinga bwa shimi buramenyeshwa gutya:

 

Ikintu	Ikigeragezo ca 1	Ikigeragezo ca 2	Igice / ibivugwa
C	0.33	0.34	% (x100 → 33 / 34)
Si	0.28	0.26	%
Mn	0.68	0.57	%
P	0.015	0.017	% (P iri hasi cane, ubukomezi bwiza)
S	0.003	0.004	% (S iri hasi cane, isuku ryiza)
Cr	0.018	0.021	% (Cr ntoya)
Cu	0.009	0.005	%
V	0.063	0.066	% (micro-ugukomeza)
Ti	0.042	0.043	% (ugutunganya intete)
B	0.0030	0.0030	% (ugukomera kw'iterambere)

 

Ivyo ivyo bitubwira .

Carbon iri hafi 0.33–0.34% itanga uburinganire bwiza bw’inkomezi n’ubukomezi inyuma ya QT.

P na S ni hasi cane ( Muto canke bingana na 0.017% na Muto canke bingana na 0.004%), ivyo bikaba ari ibisanzwe ku bipande vy’icuma bidasanzwe-vy’ibihimba vy’ubuhinga.

V, Ti na B biraboneka neza - iki si icuma c’ishimikiro c’ubugwaneza, ariko ni umurongo w’ivyuma vy’agaciro gatoyi canke HS (high-strength) ugamije kugira ubushobozi bwinshi bw’ubuhinga n’ugukomera neza.

Ikete riri kuri MTC ryerekana ko .Uburyo bwa CEV:
CEV C + Mn/{2}} (Cr+V+Mo)/{5}} (Cu+Ni)/15
ni uburyo busanzwe bwo kugenzura ubushobozi bwo gusudira n'ingorane zo gusaduka mu gihe c'ubukonje-. Aya ni amakuru meza yo kubika kuri page kuko atanga ikimenyetso ku ba injeniyeri no kuri Google ko aya ari amakuru y’ukuri y’insyo.

 

 

Mu munsi-ku-umunsi w'amasoko,umugozi uzunguruka n'inkonini akenshigutanga-ifomu n'ukwemeraitandukaniro aho kuba itandukaniro ry’ubuhinga bwa shimi.Umugozi w'ikibumbanoBisobanura uburebure bugororotse-, ububiko bukomeye bw'imirongo butangwa ku mashini no gucukura, ahoUkwihanganira uburebure bw'uburebure, ukugororoka, n'imiterere y'ubutakan’igihe c’ingendo n’igipimo c’ibisigazwa. "Inkoni" akenshi ikoreshwa cane ku bipimo bitobito kandi, bivanye n'inganda, ishobora kwerekeza kuriumugozi-uwugaburiwe -inkoni(genewe gushushanya, gupfukama, canke gufatanya inzira z'intsinga) aho guca-uburebure bw'umurongo.

Uburyo ngirakamaro bwo kubitandukanya ni ukuraba ikintu gihambaye mu kwakira:

 

• Niba ukeneyekata-ku-uburebure bw'ubusa bwo guhindura/gutera ubwoba, akenshi uba uriko uraguraumugozi uzunguruka-uzovyitahoukugororoka, decarb, utunenge two ku ruhande, n’umurongo udahindukarero igice imashini zisukuye.
• Nimba intambwe yawe ikurikira ari .gushushanya/guhingura(ibicuruzwa vy'urutsinga, amapfundo, urutsinga rwo gufatanya, umugozi -gutunganirizwa), "inkoni" ni ryo jambo rikoreshwa kenshi, kandi ikintu nyamukuru kigahindukira kija kuriuburyo bw'uruzitiro, ubugenzuzi bw'urugero rw'imbere, n'ubushobozi bwo gukwega.

 

Ururimi rw'umuguzi rusanzwe (rufasha kwirinda ukutumvikana kwa PO):

 

• Gukoresha"umurongo uzunguruka"igihe BOM yawe yitezeØ ubunini + uburebure(nk’akarorero, Ø20 × 6 m) kandi igikorwa cawe co guca mu ruzi ni ugukora imashini/gucukura.
• Gukoresha"inkoni / inkoni y'urutsinga"igihe BOM yawe yitezeuburemere/uburemere-bushingiye ku gutangakandi inzira y’ugumanuka ni ugushushanya canke guhingura.

 

Impanuro ngirakamaro yo kugura:urutondeumugozi uzungurukaigihe ukeneye ibikoresho vy’imashini bishobora gutegekanirwa be n’ukugororoka gushikamye; koresha amajambo "inkoni" gusa igihe igikorwa cawe ari coil-fed igishushanyo, gupfukama, canke umugozi-ushingiye ku guhingura.

 

 

Kugira ngo iyo paji isa n’iyifise ububasha, birafasha kwerekana ingene ivyo bigenda vy’ukuri. Inzira isanzwe y'izo nzira z'inkomezi nyinshi-zizungurutse ni iyi ikurikira:

a) Gukora ivyuma no kubitunganya mu buryo bwa kabiri
Ivyuma bica bifungwa muri BOF canke EAF, hanyuma bikavugwa muri LF/VD kugira ngo bikuremwo ikibiriti na phosphore no kugira ngo bitunganye neza ivy’ivyuma birimwo. Aho ni ho hongerwa ibintu bifatanya n’ibindi nk’ivyo bita V, Ti na B. P na S ziri hasi muri MTC yawe (0.015–0.017% P, 0.003–0.004% S) ni vyo nyene biva muri iyi ntambwe - zituma ubukomezi n’ubushobozi bwo gusudira bitera imbere.

b) Gutegura gutera no gutegura
Ico cuma gitunganijwe giterwa mu bipande bibereye gutera umugozi uzunguruka. Ivyuma bisukuye bifise ibintu bikeyi birimwo ni ngombwa kugira ngo ushobore guca mu bigeragezo vy’ugupfukama/gupfukama n’ugutera bigaragara ku cete cawe.

c) Gutera umugozi ushushe
Ivyo bipande birasubira gushushwa maze bikazingirizwa ku nsyo z’amabarabara gushika ku murongo wa nyuma (nk’akarorero, 27 mm). Gutera imbere biragenzurwa kugira ngo umuntu aronke uburyo bwiza bwo ku ruhande, ubugororotsi n’ukwihanganira ingero. Intsinga zicapwa ku burebure bw’ubudandaji, mu bisanzwe ni m 6.

d) Gukoresha ubushuhe (gusubiza mu buryo busanzwe canke kuzimya + gushavura)
Kugira ngo umuntu ashike ku mico y'ubuhinga yerekanwa ku cete - uburemere 950–960 MPa, gutanga nk'905–915 MPa, inguvu z'impanuka ku –20℃hafi 100–110 J - intsinga ntizisiga "nk'uko zipfutse zishushe". Birasanzwe canke, kenshi cane ku rugero rw’inkomezi,kuzimya no gushavura (Ikibazo n'Inyishu).

Kuzimyaitanga umubumbe ukomeye w’amatensite/bainite.

Guteraku bushuhe bubereye birasubizaho ubushobozi bwo gukomera, bikaduza ubukomezi bw’impanuka, kandi bikagumya imiterere y’ibintu bitobito.
Iyi ntambwe ni yo ituma inkomezi ziguma nyinshi ariko zigakomeza gukura ku rugero rwa 13–14% n’ugugabanya uburebure hejuru ya 50%.

e) Gugorora, gukata no gushirako ikimenyetso
Inyuma yo gukoresha ubushuhe, izo nkoko ziragororwa, zigatemwa ku metero 6 (canke ubundi burebure butegekanijwe), zigashirwako ikimenyetso c’imibare y’ubushuhe.

f) Gupima no kwemeza
Uwuhingura akora isesengura ry’imiti, igerageza ry’uburemere, igerageza ry’ingaruka ku –20℃, igerageza ry’ugupfukama/ugusubira inyuma, igerageza ry’ugukora n’igerageza ry’uburemere - inkingi zose ubona kuri MTC. Iyo bose "bashoboye" niho gusa amabarabara arekurwa. Ivyo bituma abaguzi bizigira ko umuganda wose uhuye n’urugero rw’ubuhinga bemeranije.

 

 

 

Ibibazo vyinshi vy'icuma c'uruzitiro ntivyerekana ku rupapuro rw'amajambo-bigaragaraku gikoresho co gukora, inyuma yo gukoresha ubushuhe, canke mu gihe co gukoranya .. Ku migambi ikoresha inkomezi nyinshi - / micro-ibara ry'ivyuma, Octal Pipe yibanda ku ngingo z'uburyo zikora zifata ingingo nimba ibarabara rihinduka igice gikomeye canke ikintu gizimvye co gusubira gukora:

 

Ivyo akenshi bigenda nabi ku rubuga	Ivyo gusobanura (ururimi rw'umuguzi)	Ivyo Octal Pipe igenzura ku rusyo
Igikoresho kitategerezwa kwambara / gutabura	Ivyashikirijwe + ibisabwa ku ruhande (bishushe-vyazingirijwe / vyasembuwe / vyakwezwe)	Inzira yo gutegura ahantu (nk'akarorero, gusekura aho bisabwa) + kugorora kugira ngo ugabanye uguhinduka kw'imashini
Uguhinduka kw'ingero inyuma yo gukoresha imashini	Ukwihanganira umurongo w'uburinganire + ibisabwa vyo kugororoka	OD/ovality + ubugororotsi bugenzura kugira ngo ugume uhindura uburenganzira bwo gutegekanya
Gusaduka mu gihe c'intango y'ubukonje / ingaruka	Inguvu z'ingaruka ku bushuhe bwavuzwe (nk'akarorero, "CVN @ -20 degre ")	Igerageza ry’ingaruka riboshe ku bushuhe/itongo; kurekura bishingiye ku bimenyamenya vy'igerageza, atari ku vyiyumviro
Ubushuhe-buvura ubudasa (bukomeye cane / bworoshe cane)	Ubushuhe buvugwa (busanzwe / Q&T) + idirisha ry'ubukomezi	Ubushuhe{0}}uguvura + ubukomezi bwo kugenzura ku idirisha ryatanzwe
Inenge zihishijwe zabonetse zikerewe	NDT scope iyo ari ngombwa (UT ku masezerano)	UT amahitamwo y'ibice bihambaye + gukurikirana gusanura/gusubira-inyandiko z'igerageza aho bishoboka

 

Mu bikorwa, ivyo bihindura "ubunini bw'umurongo w'uruzitiro + urugero" muInyungu y'umusaruro ikoreshwa: umurongo ushika ufise ivyangombwa bisobanuwe, inyifato y'imashini ishobora gutegekanirwa, n'ishimikiro ryo kurekura rihuye n'ingene ibice vyemerwa mu vy'ukuri. Octal Pipe ishobora gushigikira lot-based traceability (umubare w’ubushuhe → ibisubizo vy’igerageza) rero kwakira igenzura n’ubushobozi bwo gukora imashini bigenda vyihuta ata yindi nzira yo gufata ivyerekanwa.

 

 

Kubera ko ivyo bintu bifatanya .ubukomezi bwinshi (≈950 MPa), ubushobozi bwo gukomera (A ≈ 13–14%)kandinziza cane ubushuhe buke -inguvu z'ingaruka (hafi 100–110 J ku –20℃), rishobora gukoreshwa mu bice vyinshi bisaba:

Ubucukuzi, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro n'ubutaka-ibice bifasha
Ivyuma vy’amabuye, inkoni z’inanga, inkoni z’imyimenyerezo n’ibindi bice bitegerezwa gukora mu bihe vy’ubukonje canke vy’impanuka-vyuzuye. Umusaruro munini (≈910 MPa) n’agaciro keza k’ingaruka bituma umurongo ugira umutekano mu gihe c’imitwaro y’ugukubita.

Amavuta na gazi n'ibikoresho vyo mu kiyaga
Ibice bihuza, amaflanse, amahifu, amashafu n’ibifatanya aho ubushuhe buke-bukomeye ari ngombwa (–20℃canke hasi). Ivyiyumviro bito vya P/S n’ibipimo vy’inyandiko bituma vyoroha kwemera mu migambi yo mu mazi no mu mazi.

Ibice vy'ibikoresho vy'ubuhinga n'ububasha-
Ivyuma, amapine, amapine, amagere (inyuma yo gukomeza gukora canke gukomera ku ruhande), amabara y’imashini n’ibihimba vy’ugutanga amakuru bikeneye inkomezi nyinshi kuruta ivyuma bisanzwe vy’umuyagankuba.

Ibarabara ry'igariyamoshi n'ibice vy'ibinyabiziga bikomeye-
Aho bisabwa ubuhinga buhoraho, ugukurikirana n’ugusudira (CEV igenzurwa).

Gukora ivyuma n'ivyuma
Kubera ko ubuhinga bwa shimi busukuye kandi n’imiterere yayo ikaba itunganijwe, iyo bar ni ishingiro ryiza ry’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none canke ibihimba vy’ubuhinga bwa none. Abaguzi barashobora gukora kugira ngo bahindure kandi bagumye urugero rw'ubuhinga inyuma yo gusubira -gushushanya.

Imigambi mu turere dukanye
Inguvu z’impanuka zagaragajwe ku –20℃kuri MTC zirerekana ko izo nkoko zishobora gukoreshwa mu bidukikije vyo mu buraruko / ubushuhe buke-ata gusenyuka kw’ibice.

 

Icuma kidashobora gusenyuka

Ku bice vy'ubumara-vyerekanwa, imigambi ishobora gusobanuraIcuma kidashobora gusenyukaaho gukoresha carbone/ivyumaicuma kizunguruka-mu bisanzwe iyo imiti yo gusukura, ubukonje bwo ku nkengera y'ikiyaga, canke ibikoresho bifise kloride-bituma uburinzi bushingiye ku gupfuka-butagira aho bugarukira. Octal Pipe ishobora gusubiramwo ibintu vy’imirongo y’ivyuma bitagira ibara iruhande y’ibipapuro vy’imirongo y’ivyuma kugira ngo abaguzi bashobore kubika inyandiko imwe n’umugambi umwe wo kohereza. Amahitamwo asanzwe y’ivyuma bitagira ibara harimwo 304/304L ku bijanye n’uguhangana n’ugusenyuka muri rusangi na 316/316L aho bisabwa gutera ivyatsi vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma.

 

Baza ubu

 

 

Umutwe	Imvugo
Uburebure	5 – 360 mm (ishushe-izunguruka); Ingano zicuzwe canke zisekuwe ku busabe
Uburebure	6 m bisanzwe, 3–12 m bishobora gutunganirizwa
Ivyo gutanga	Nk'uko vyazinguwe, vyasanzwe, IKIBAZO n'Inyishu
Ivyagezwe dushobora guhuza	GB/T, ASTM/AISI, RU, ubwubatsi bw'ubwato canke igishushanyo c'abaguzi
Inyandiko	Icemezo c'ikigeragezo c'insyo (shimi + ubuhinga + ingaruka), urutonde rw'ibipakirwa, inkomoko
Gusuzuma	Uwundi muntu wa gatatu (SGS / BV) ashobora gutunganirizwa imbere yo kohereza

Imisoro ishushe: Ibara ry'uruzitiro, Ubushinwa abahinguzi b'ibara ry'uruzitiro, abaguzi, uruganda